Cov Daus Tiv Thaiv Ntawm Lub Ru Tsev, Nrog Rau Cov Txheej Txheem Cej Luam Ntawm Ntau Yam, Nrog Rau Yuav Ua Li Cas Los Xam Thiab Txhim Kho Kom Raug

2024 Tus sau: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-17 22:35

Daus tuav - ua haujlwm zoo thiab pab tau lub tsev kho kom zoo nkauj

Lub caij ntuj no tab tom los - te, lub caij ntuj no tshav thiab daus. Qee tus neeg yuav qhuas thiab yees duab lub kaus mom cozy saum ru tsev. Thiab ib tug neeg uas muaj tus shud hla hauv qab txoj kev hla dhau toj thiab ib hnub dhau ib hnub nce mus saum ru tsev nrog duav thiab ntxuav daus. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ntshai ntawm cov daus poob, nws tsim nyog los teeb cov tuav daus saum lub ru tsev.

Cov Ntsiab Lus

• 1 Koj puas xav tau daus los tiv thaiv lub ru tsev

• 2 Hom daus tuav

  • 2.1 Tubular snow tuav
  • 2.2 Kaum kev tiv thaiv cov daus
  • 2.3 Cov daus daus

  • 2.4 Daus koob-hooks

    2.4.1 Cov duab kos duab: ntau hom daus nres-hooks

  • 2.5 Cov daus tiv thaiv tsis tau

• 3 Cov Kev Cai rau kev teeb tsa ntawm kev tiv thaiv daus

  • 3.1 Yuav ua li cas rau nruab cov tiv thaiv daus koj tus kheej
  • 3.2 Video: tso lub tubular lub tsev tiv thaiv daus

• 4 Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev teeb tsa cov daus thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev ua raws li hom kev npog

  • 4.1 Nta ntawm kev txhim kho cov tiv thaiv daus ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic

    4.1.1 Daim Duab Video: Kev teeb cov daus tiv thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev npog nrog cov vuas luaj ceramic

  • 4.2 Ua kom ceev ceev ntawm cov daus tiv thaiv rau lub ru tsev npog nrog cov vuas hlau thiab cov hlau ntoo

    4.2.1 Yees duab: txuas cov daus tuav rau cov vuas hlau

  • 4.3 Ua kom ceev nrooj tiv thaiv daus ntawm cov npoo txaj

    4.3.1 Yees duab: txuas tus tiv thaiv daus rau lub vov tsev

• 5 Muab xam los ntawm cov naj npawb ntawm cov tiv thaiv daus

  5.1 Cov lus: qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov ntev ntawm txoj kab thaum txhim kho ib kab ntawm cov tiv thaiv daus

Koj puas xav tau daus tiv thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev

Qhov yuav tsum tau teeb tsa cov daus thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev yog nyob ntawm thaj tsam daus uas kev tsim kho coj los ua haujlwm, qhov siab ntawm lub tsev, lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev ntawm qhov chaw. Yog tias muaj txoj kev taug taw ntawm lub ru tsev, muaj chaw nres tsheb lossis lwm qhov chaw siv, yog li daus poob los ntawm lub ru tsev tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj thiab tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, ces teeb tsa cov daus tiv thaiv yog yuav tsum ua.

Tsis ntev los no, qhov kev nthuav dav no tau nce ntau dua thiab nrov dua. Cov neeg tuav cov daus tiv thaiv cov daus ntau ntawm kev swb ntawm lub ru tsev thiab tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Tam sim no cov neeg tuav snow tuaj yeem xaiv rau txhua tus saj, hnab nyiaj, hom vov thiab ntsia ob qho tib si thaum nruab lub ru tsev tshiab thiab rau ntawm ib qho uas twb muaj lawm.

Hom daus tuav

Cov khaws cov daus yog ntawm peb hom loj:

• tubular;
• ces kaum;
• ntxaij ntoo.

Cov kev ua kom ntau ntawm cov daus ua rau lub ru tsev, ua rau cov vaj tse puas tsuaj thiab puas tsuaj rau tib neeg lub neej: los tiv thaiv cov daus los ntawm lub ru tsev, cov daus daus

Tab sis muaj lwm yam tsim nyog ntawm cov daus nres. Cov no tuaj yeem ua lwm cov qauv uas ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev khaws cia thiab tusyees faib daus ntawm lub ru tsev, piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus taw tes - daus koob-hooks.

Snow nres hooks yog xaiv rau cov qauv mos uas tau them nrog cov nplais bituminous lossis lwm yam khoom siv zoo sib xws.

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kab ke no tuaj yeem siv rau kev tiv thaiv zoo dua tiv thaiv cov daus poob thiab tiv thaiv qhov tsim ntawm cov hnab daus.

Ua tsaug rau kev siv lub kaw lus tiv thaiv chav daus, cov daus sib txig faib rau saum ru tsev, uas tiv thaiv kev deformation ntawm lub ru tsev

Tubular snow tuav

Tubular snow tuav yog ob peb puag ncig lossis kheej li cov hlab, tsau nrog tshwj xeeb kev pab txhawb nqa txoj kab txiav rau lub ru tsev. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov kav dej txuas yog 8-10 cm. Raws li txoj cai, tubular daus tuav tau siv ntawm lub ru tsev ua los ntawm corrugated board thiab pobzeb. Tab sis lawv tseem tuaj yeem siv rau lwm hom ru tsev, piv txwv li, seam. Qhov siab tshaj plaws lub kaum lub kaum ntse ntse rau lub kaw lus tubular yog 60 °.

Kev pom zoo txhawb nqa yov yog 100 cm

Tubular snow tuav tsis suav nrog tuav cov daus, tab sis txiav nws mus rau hauv nyias txheej. Yog li, daus tsis nce ua qhov loj ntawm lub ru tsev, tab sis poob rau hauv cov ntawv me me uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau kev noj qab haus huv lossis khoom.

Rau kev zoo nkauj thiab kev txawv ntawm cov tsos ntawm lub ru tsev, xam pom cov kev txhawb nqa hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cov nroj tsuag tau muag

Kaum tus daus tuav

Kaum cov daus tuav cov kev xaiv yog qhov yooj yim, kev xaiv nyiaj txiag. Lawv yog cov hlau nplooj, nkhaus nrog ib ces kaum, 4-6 cm siab, tsau rau ru tsev npog. Lawv tau nruab rau ntawm lub ru tsev ua los ntawm corrugated board thiab cov vuas hlau vim yog tib hom khoom siv, kev yooj yim thiab lub peev xwm los xaiv tus tuav daus kom phim cov xim txheej. Haum rau cov vov tsev nrog ib txoj kab nqes txog li 30 °.

Lub staggered kev tswj ntawm cov daus tiv thaiv yuav ncaj rau faib lub nra ntawm tag nrho lub ru tsev cheeb tsam

Daim txiag ntoo daus

Daim txiag ntoo daus tuav yog cov feem ntau "elegant". Lawv tau ua los ntawm cov ntawv galvanized steel thiab pleev xim rau raws li tus qauv tsim qauv. Lawv tuaj nyob rau ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg: los ntawm me me 5-7 cm, txog qhov siab siab 15-20 cm. Haum rau cov ru tsev nrog cov nplais ntev thiab ib txoj kab nqes loj. Vim tias qhov sib txawv tsim ntawm cov fasteners tau siv rau saum ru tsev nrog ib hom twg ntawm txheej. Txhua qhov daus thiab dej khov yog khaws rau saum lub ru tsev. Tsuas yog yaj cov dej ntws los ntawm cov grate. Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntaub qhwv lub vov, cov leeg ntev ntev kuj siv tau txuas ntxiv.

Ua tsaug rau xim ntawm cov tiv thaiv daus kom phim lub ru tsev, lawv tau xyaum kom pom ntawm qhov chaw

Daus koob-hooks

Daus nres-hooks yog txoj kev tsim kho txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov av hauv daus los ntawm lub ru tsev. Lawv saib zoo li cov voos ua los ntawm cov nqaim voos, 3-4 cm dav thiab nrog lub ntsej muag ntev uas txuas nrog crate. Yog li, hom kev tiv thaiv no tsuas yog ua tau ntawm theem ntawm lub ru tsev nruab. Los ntawm lawv tus kheej, "hooks" tsis tuav daus. Feem ntau lawv siv nyob rau hauv tandem nrog ntxaij ntoo lossis tubular daus cov tuav lossis saum ru tsev nrog ib txheej muag muag thiab ib txoj kab nqes me ntsis. Tus hooks tiv thaiv loj, tawv ncauj txheej ntawm daus los ntawm kev swb.

Taw tes nres snow nres yeej muaj ntau haiv neeg. Lawv sib txawv hauv cov duab, hom kev coj ua, cov khoom siv. Muaj txawm tias pob tshab daus nres. Lawv tsuas yog siv rau cov vov tsev ua cov ntaub ntawv pob tshab xws li polycarbonate. Tab sis txawm tias ua ke nrog lwm hom kev sib txawv, lawv saib zoo nkauj heev.

Yees duab duab: ntau yam ntawm daus nres-hooks

Taw tes cheem daus cia tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov daus ntawm lub ru tsev, thaum tiv thaiv nws daim av hauv av

Cov lus qhia kev teeb tsa rau qhov chaw hom daus tiv thaiv muab rau lawv cov kev txhim kho hauv cov txheej txheem kho daim ntawv profiled thiab nrawm tsis yog rau lub crate, tab sis ncaj qha rau hlau ntawm lub vov

Hlau taw tes daus nres tuaj yeem yog ib qho xim, vim qhov lawv yuav ua rau pom tsis tau ntawm lub ru tsev

Pob tshab tiv thaiv daus yuav tsis ua rau qhov zoo nkauj ntawm koj lub ru tsev

Taw tes cov daus tuav yog tsim nyog dua rau mount saum ru tsev nrog lub kaum sab xis me ntsis ntawm inclination

Cov khoom siv hlau taw qhia yog tsim tshwj rau lub ru tsev ua los ntawm corrugated board thiab cov vuas hlau

Taw tes nres daus nres yuav muab tso rau ntawm lub ru tsev hauv ib qho kev txiav txim twg

Cov tswj tuav daus tsis txawv

Cov neeg tiv thaiv daus tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntuj ntoo xws li ntoo. Rau cov kev xaiv zoo li no, cov kev txhawb tshwj xeeb tau tsim nyob rau hauv uas txhav ntoo tau raug ntsia. Yeej, hom daus tiv thaiv no siv rau hauv kev sib xyaw nrog ntuj ru tsev. Cov ntoo yog ntsia ntawm qhov siab ntawm 2-3 cm los ntawm lub ru tsev thiab cia cov ntoo ntub los ntawm. Qhov loj dua cov cav, daus ntau nws khaws, tab sis kuj nws hnyav dua. Feem ntau ntawm txhua qhov, yog tias xws li lub bar tsis pub tshaj 15 cm hauv txoj kab uas hla.

Nws tsis tsim nyog siv lub cav nrog lub taub ntau tshaj 15 cm ua tus ceev xwm tiv thaiv daus

Kev teeb tsa cov cai rau kev tiv thaiv daus

Cov tuav cov daus tsis ib txwm ntsia ib ncig ntawm txhua qhov puag ncig ntawm lub ru tsev. Lawv tuaj yeem raug ntsia kom tiv thaiv cov daus hauv qee qhov chaw: saum cov dormers, saum lub sam thiaj, tiv thaiv txoj hauv kev ntawm lub tsev, thiab lwm yam.

Daus tsis tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm lub ru tsev overhang - lawv yuav tsum tau muab nruab rau theem ntawm lub nra-cov kabmob ua phab ntsa. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov tuav snow nyob rau hauv ntau kab los yog saum toj ntawm lub ru tsev qhov rais ntawm qhov txuas cov ntsiab lus, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxiv dag zog lub crate.

Cov khawm ris rau cov tuav snow yog:

• xuas nrig;

  

  Cov ntsia hlau ntsia hlau yog siv rau cov hlau thiab cov vov tsev mos

• tshem tawm;

  

  Hinged fasteners yog siv rau ntawm lub ru tsev, uas yog qhov tsis xav tau ntaus nrig

• clamping.

  

  Clamping fasteners tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau sawv ntsug vov tsev

Punching fasteners yog siv rau lub ru tsev npog nrog corrugated board, hlau, thiab hauv kev sib txuas nrog cov vov tsev mos.

Raug tshem tawm fasteners tsuas yog siv nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntuj thiab cov vuas, vim tias nws tsis muaj qhov xav kom xuas nrig ntaus xws li. Thiab tseem ua kom hom fastening no yog siv rau ntawm cov vov tsev me me thiab nrog cov vov hlau. Tab sis qhov no, qhov qis dua ntawm qhov txuas khov kho, dag ntawm sab saum toj ntawm txheej, yog screwed rau crate. Yog li, qhov sib xyaws ua ke raws li kev tshem tawm fasteners tau txais.

Clamping fasteners tsuas yog siv ntawm cov vov tsev, lawv tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau txheej txheej no.

Yuav ua li cas rau nruab cov tiv thaiv daus koj tus kheej

Txhawm rau nruab daus tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum:

1. Qhia qhov chaw nyob.
2. Tom qab ntawd txhawb qhov crate.
3. Sib sau ua ke cov txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau "haum" tsis muaj qhov zawm hluav taws xob.
4. Mount lub npog thiab npaj qhov nyob hauv nws rau kev txuas cov ntawv daus. Lub qhov yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov qis ntawm nthwv dej uas nyob ib sab ntawm crate.
5. Txhim kho cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov bolts suav nrog cov khoom siv rau cov vias vov tsev. Kaw lub qhov nrog cov roj hmab gaskets rau sab hauv haum thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj ru tsev.
6. Kho cov kav dej los yog cov ntxaij ntoo hauv cov nkhaus.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kho kho qhov system tsuas yog siab dua cov thauj khoom ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab muaj kev nruj me ntsis hauv qis dua ntawm cov ntu profile

Video: kev teeb tsa lub tubular lub tsev tiv thaiv daus

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txhim kho cov daus tiv thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev ua raws li hom kev ua haujlwm

Siv cov lus qhia teeb tsa, daus thaiv cov khoom muaj peev xwm muab ntsia tau rau ntawm lub ru tsev ua tsaug rau ntau hom sib txawv. Raws li cov kev pov hwm, kev teeb tsa thiab xaiv cov neeg tiv thaiv daus yuav muaj qee qhov sib txawv.

Qhov peculiarity ntawm lub installation ntawm cov tiv thaiv daus ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic

Qhov peculiarity ntawm kev txhim kho cov tiv thaiv daus ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic yog tias cov khoom tau txuas tsis yog los ntawm cov ntaub npog, tab sis mus rau crate. Cov kauj vab muaj cov elongated txee nrog uas lawv tuav mus rau ib tug ntxiv nqaj nyob rau hauv lub crate. Thiab lawv cia siab rau qis qis nthwv dej ntawm cov kab sib twb txuas ntawm cov npog ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov phab ntsa lossis txhawb nqa ntawm sheathing. Cov kev txhawb zog li no hu ua tshem tawm. Lawv siv rau kev ceev nrawm txhua hom kev tiv thaiv daus: ntoo tawv, tubular thiab taw tes. Coob tus neeg xav tias daus cov ntaub thaiv ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic pob zeb zoo nkaus li tsis zoo, tab sis cov neeg tsim khoom niaj hnub ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev tau tsim tshwj xeeb txuas thiab cov ntsiab lus rau xws li npog. Cov neeg tiv thaiv daus tsim tawm yam tsis muaj qhov pom pom thiab muaj ntau yam xim. Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws zoo nkauj zoo nkauj yog cov ntaub qhwv daus-hooks,cam khwb cia ua ke nrog cov vuas.

Rau cov vuas luaj ntuj, cov ntuag ntoo daus yog cov siv feem ntau.

Yeeb yaj kiab: kev teeb tsa cov daus thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev npog nrog cov vuas luaj ceramic

Ua kom ceev ceev ntawm cov daus tiv thaiv lub ru tsev nrog cov hlau vov tsev thiab cov hlau profile

Kev ua nrawm nrawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv daus rau lub ru tsev nrog xov hlau profile npog yog nqa tawm siv xuas nrig ntaus. Lawv raug ntsia rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov lathing yog lub zog, nyob rau theem ntawm phab ntsa thiab tau nrawm nrog tus kheej tapping screws los ntawm txheej hauv qhov qis ntawm nthwv dej.

Rau lub ru tsev ua los ntawm cov hlau, cov kab ke sib nrawm sib txuas tuaj yeem siv: cov khoom raug ncua nrog cov qis qis dua los ntawm cov ntsia hlau mus rau lub crate.

Qhov kev ncua deb rau kev txiav ntawm lub ru tsev yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 40 cm, uas sib haum rau cov kab thib ob lossis theem thib peb

Daim vis dis aus: txuas cov daus tuav rau cov vuas hlau

Ua kom ceev ceev cov daus tuav ntawm cov npoo txaj

Kev nthuav dav rau cov tuav tuav daus yog siv rau kev sawv ntsug cov vov tsev. Cov hlua khi tau clamped ncaj qha rau qhov nyiaj rov qab raws li txoj cai muaj tseeb nrog cov ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb suav nrog cov khoom siv. Cov kab ke no tswj nruj ntawm lub ru tsev npog. Tab sis tsuas yog tubular lossis ntxaij daus cov tiv thaiv daus tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm lub npoo npog.

Fastening yog nqa tawm los ntawm clamping cov quav nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas siv cov khoom sib txuas

Daim vis dis aus: txuas tus ceev xwm daus mus rau lub ru tsev tiav

Xam txog cov naj npawb yuav tsum tau ntawm cov tuav snow

Staggered kaum tiv thaiv lub khauj khaum thiab cov hom nuv-nres nres los ntawm thiab qhov loj yog qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev los daus.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xaiv txoj kab yog thiab tubular cov tuav snow raws li cov daus thau khoom ntawm lub ru tsev. Raws li txoj cai, cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam qhia cov load uas xws li cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem tiv taus thiab thawm nrawm. Thiab nws tuaj yeem pab koj xaiv qhov yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv daus rau lub zog.

Koj tuaj yeem siv lub rooj los teeb tsa cov tuav snow hauv ib kab.

Cov lus: qhov siab kawg txoj kab nqes thaum txhim kho ib kab ntawm cov tiv thaiv daus

Ru tsev inclination kaum, qib	daus cheeb tsam	Kuv		II		III		IV		V		VI		Vii		VIII
	kev ncua deb ntawm nkhaus, hli	800	1100 tau	800	1100 tau	800	1100 tau	800	1100 tau	800	1100 tau	800	1100 tau	800	1100 tau	800	1100 tau
tsawg dua 15		37.7	27,4	25.2	18.3	16,8	12,2	12,6	9.1	9.4	6.9	7,5	5.5	6,3	4.6	5.4	3.9
15-25		23.1	16,8	15.4	11,2	10.3	7,5	7,7	5.6	5.8	4.2	4.6	3.4	3.9	2.8	3.3	2.4
26–37		16,2	11,8	10,8	7.9	7.2	5.2	5.4	3.9	4.1	3.0	3.2	2.4	2.7	2.0	2,3	1.7
38–45		13,8	10.0	9.2	6,7	6.1	4.5	4.6	3.3	3.5	2.5	2.8	2.0	2,3	1.7	2,3	1.4
46–55		11,9	8.7	7.9	5.8	5.3	3.9	4.0	2.9	3.0	2.2	2.4	1.7	2.0	1.4	1.7	1,2 cov

Ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum txhais kom meej thaj tsam daus raws SNiP 2.01.07–85 "Loads thiab cuam tshuam. Daim Ntawv Ntxiv 5 ". Tom qab ntawd pom nyob rau hauv lub rooj qhov xav tau ntev ntawm txoj kab nqes ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm kab ntawv "ru tsev nqes hav" thiab "thaj chaw daus", txiav txim siab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov nkhaus.

Yog tias qhov ntev ntawm txoj kab nqes ntev dua li qhov qhia hauv lub rooj, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los nruab ob lossis ntau kab ntawm cov tiv thaiv daus. Qee qhov xwm txheej, thaum qhov ntev ntawm lub ru tsev nqes hav yog me ntsis loj dua li uas tau qhia hauv lub rooj, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem raug txo kom raws li cov ntxhuav ntawm cov tuam ntxhab.

Koj tuaj yeem ua kev laij koj tus kheej. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum paub koj cheeb tsam ntawm daus thauj khoom (raws li SNiP 2.01.07–85), qhov sib tshooj ntawm cov khoom siv aerodynamic tsis kam, qhov ntev ntawm overhang, qhov ntev ntawm pob kws, lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev thiab cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm cov daus-khaws lub caij.

Cia peb xam cov daus daus ntawm lub-ru tsev rau Minsk, qhov twg Yog li = 1.2 kPa (120 kgf / m ²), cov pa aerodynamic luag yog 0.8:

1. Siv txoj kab nqes 6 m ntev, txhav ntev ntev 10 m, lub kaum pob zeb 35 °. Txuas tw tw 1.0 m thiab thauj kabmob 330 kg.
2. Kev thauj cov daus ntawm cov ntawv daus yuav yog 0.8 * 1.2 kN / m ² * 6 m * kev txhaum 35 ° (0.574) = 3.3 kN / m ² = 330 kg / m ².
3. Yog li, cov daus ua kom siab ntawm cov pob kws tau sib npaug rau 10 m yuav yog 3300 kg / m ².
4. Coj mus rau hauv tus account lub nra nqa los ntawm lub keeb, nws hloov tawm tias 3300/330 = 10 daim xav tau. Qhov no txhais tau tias peb xav tau 10 yam nrog kev kho kom ua tiav ntawm 1.0 m.
5. Yog hais tias tus load rau ntawm overhang tau 660kg / m ², tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsim nyog nqa 20 ntsiab lus thiab npaj lawv nrog theem rhais ntawm 0.5 m lossis ob kab.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov daus thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev, yog tias tsim nyog suav thiab ua haujlwm, yuav tsis suav nrog daus ploj. Tab sis nws tseem tseem pom zoo kom ua ntu zus ntxuav lub ru tsev saum npoo los daus nrog koj tus kheej tes.