Kev Npaj Dej Tsis Qab Zaj Duab Xis Rau Lub Ru Tsev, Uas Yog Ib Qho Zoo Dua Los Xaiv Thiab Yuav Ua Li Cas Rau Nruab Nws Kom Raug

2024 Tus sau: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 12:59

Kev tiv thaiv dej tsis muaj dej zaj duab xis: cov khoom siv nta thiab txheej tshuab

Kev npaj kom zoo thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev muaj kev tiv thaiv rafter system ntawm noo noo. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv cov yeeb yaj kiab dej, uas yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom kom raug, raug ntsuas nws cov nyiaj thiab ua tib zoo muab tso rau saum ru tsev.

Cov Ntsiab Lus

• 1 Dab tsi yog qhov dej yeeb yaj kiab

  • 1.1 Cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab dej
  • 1.2 Cov hom yeeb yaj kiab dej tsis zoo thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv
  • 1.3 Hom thiab cov neeg tsim yeeb yaj kiab dej yeeb yaj kiab

• 2 Kev teeb tsa dej kev nkag rau ntawm lub ru tsev

  • 2.1 Npaj tso cov yeeb yaj kiab dej
  • 2.2 thev naus laus zis ntawm nteg dej tsis zaj duab xis ntawm lub ru tsev
  • 2.3 Yees duab: nta ntawm kev txhim kho zaj duab xis tsis haum ntawm lub ru tsev

Dab tsi yog kev ua yeeb yaj kiab dej

Lub vov tsev muaj peev xwm tso cai rau koj los teeb tsa lub chaw ua haujlwm thiab txo qis thaum kub. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tsim ib lub ru tsev "ncuav qab zib", uas suav nrog ntau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov khoom siv - lawv txhua tus ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Kev ntsuas dej yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb hauv lub ncuav. Cov khoom siv no yog zaj duab xis niaj hnub ruaj khov uas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ya raws nkag hauv tsev sab hauv. Yog li, lub kaw lus rafter, rwb thaiv tsev, load-tau cov kabmob phab ntsa yog tiv thaiv los ntawm nag thiab lwm yam nag lossis daus.

Kev ntsuas dej yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub vov nqov dej

Cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab dej

Cov ntaub ntawv npog dej yog tsim tawm hauv yob. Cov kev txwv ntawm ib yob sib txawv nyob ntawm tus tsim khoom lag luam, tab sis qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm ib qho yog 9 kg, qhov ntev ntawm lub vev xaib yog 50 m, thiab qhov dav yog 1.5 m. Peb cov kev xaiv tau nthuav tawm ntawm lub khw, thiab cov xaiv ua raws li cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub vas …

Cov khoom tsim tawm hauv yob yog yooj yim rau mount

Cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab niaj hnub muaj cov khoom zoo li:

• hais tau zoo dej siab;
• UV tsis kam;
• anti-hws zoo;
• elasticity thiab mechanical lub zog ntawm tus qauv;
• tsis muaj kev tawm tsam thaum sib cuam tshuam nrog rwb thaiv tsev, vov tsev, thiab lwm yam.

Cov khoom siv dej tsis ua haujlwm siab tau pom tias muaj qhov tseeb tias nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub ntawm -40 ° C txog +80 ° C. Lub canvases yog lub teeb yuag thiab yog li ntawd tsis thauj lub ru tsev truss system. Lub zog thiab kev pab lub neej ntawm cov khoom nyob ntawm tus qauv. Multilayer zaj duab xis nruab nrog cov txheej txheem tawv tawv yog qhov muaj zog thiab ruaj khov dua, lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los ntawm 20 xyoo. Yooj yim thiab nyias nyias nyias nyias lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab xav tau hloov ntau zaus, lawv tau ntuag nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab.

Cov hom yeeb yaj kiab dej tsis zoo thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv

Cov txheej txheem dej tsis nyob rau niaj hnub tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis tsuas yog pab tiv thaiv kev ya raws sab nraud. Txog kev npaj lub ru tsev, cov khoom siv ntau yam yog qhov xav tau uas tiv thaiv cov pa taws sab hauv thiab cov hws. Ua raws li cov yam ntxwv no, cov yeeb yaj kiab tau muab faib ua ntau hom. Piv txwv li, cov qauv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kom yuag yog nrov, uas nqus cov pa dej thiab maj mam tshem nws sab nraud. Diffusion lossis superdiffusion membranes muaj cov qauv tsim dua tshiab uas tso cai rau huab cua ncig hauv qhov chaw hauv qab-ru tsev. Thaum txhim kho cov canvases zoo li no, yuav tsum muaj cov huab cua sib txawv ntawm zaj duab xis thiab lub rwb thaiv tsev rau qhov ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom.

Reinforced waterproofing film yog qhov muaj zog thiab ruaj khov

Cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv ru tsev yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis muaj dej:

• polyethylene zaj duab xis yog qhov kev xaiv yooj yim uas los ntawm ntau hom kev. Cov khoom siv tuaj yeem yog HDPE li qub lossis microporous polyethylene uas tso cai rau huab cua kom hla mus rau hauv qab ru tsev. Lub zog tiv thaiv zaj duab xis yog nruab nrog fiberglass mesh thiab muaj peb txheej txheej. Kev pab lub neej ntawm hom tom kawg yog ntau dua li 35 xyoos;

  

  Cov yeeb yaj kiab uas siv dua tshiab muaj peb txheej, thiab lub mesh ua rau cov khoom ruaj

• cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm cov polypropylene hom: lawv muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dhau los ntawm cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet thiab ntau ruaj dua li polyethylene cov yeeb yaj kiab. Polypropylene cov ntaub muaj txheej txheem ua viscose-cellulose uas nqus tau cov pa thiab ua kom nws cov dej ntws tawm. Cov txheej no tau txhawb rau lub rwb thaiv tsev nrog qhov nrug ntawm cov qauv ntawm tsawg kawg 5 hli;

  

  Polypropylene ntaub yog UV tiv taus

• glassine yog lub vov tsev cov ntoo impregnated nrog refractory bitumen thiab plasticizers. Cov khoom muab rau hauv qaws. Nws yog nteg rau sab hauv ntawm lub ru tsev ua lub vapor barrier. Nrog nws cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem nruab nrog cov kev tiv thaiv dej ua ntej txhim kho lub ru tsev sab nraud;

  

  Glassine yog qhov haum rau ob lub tiaj thiab plag tsev

• perforated, lossis diffusion, week: lawv txawv ntawm hom yav dhau los hauv qhov lawv tau them tus nqi siab vim tus qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Cov ntaub nonwoven yog ua los ntawm cov xov hluavtaws, muaj cov qauv microporous, uas ua kom muaj kev txuam nrog thiab ua kom tshem tawm kom ya raws txhua hnub. Hom kev tiv thaiv dej tsis tuaj yeem ua rau diffusion (nruab nrab vapor permeability), superdiffusion (siab vapor permeability) thiab pseudodiffusion (qis vapor permeability).

  

  Membrane cov ntaub npog txhawb cov dej noo noo

Waterproofing zaj duab xis hom thiab cov tuam ntxhab

Muaj ntau ntau hom ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm ntau cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov khoom lag luam vov tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj cov kev xaiv tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws, qhov nrov ntawm lawv yog vim muaj kev sib xyaw zoo ntawm cov nqi thiab cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo. Cov khoom zoo sib xws yog tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab hauv qab no:

• Ondulin nthuav qhia ntau yam ntawm cov vuas vov tsev, suav nrog cov vuas vov sab nraud, ncu av thiab txheej txheem dej tsis qab thiab cov qauv txuas ntxiv;
• Cov nplaub tshev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev ua kom zoo, thiab lwm yam ntawm daim nyias nyias los tiv thaiv lub ru tsev los ntawm ya raws;
• Yutafol yog cov paub zoo chaw tsim khoom ntawm hom niaj hnub no tsis muaj txheej txheem dej thiab vapor barrier nrog cov kev pab lub neej ntawm ntau caum lub xyoos;
• Tyvek muaj ntau qhov yooj yim ntawm ob qho yooj yim thiab multilayer zaj duab xis uas muab cov dej noo zoo tshaj thiab hws tiv thaiv tau.

Cov ntau ntawm cov tuam txhab no suav nrog ntau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb hauv kev xaiv. Qhov kev ceeb toom yog zaj duab xis "Ondutis RS", uas tiv taus cov duab hluav taws xob ultraviolet thiab muaj qhov loj ntawm 90 ± 10% g / m². Lub vapor permeability ntawm cov qauv no yog 10 g / m² hauv 24 teev.

Lub tuam txhab Ondulin tseem ua rau cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv dej tsis nyab

Folder Anticondensat yog tus cwj pwm xoom vapor permeability, uas yog UV-ruaj tsis muaj txheej txheem ntxiv rau peb lub hlis.

Cov ntawv tais ceev ua rau lub teeb yuag thiab muaj pes tsawg vapor permeability

Tyvek Qhov dej thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog ib txheej-polyethylene khoom nrog qib siab ntawm lub zog. Lub vev xaib muaj 60 ± 10% g / m², thiab cov haujlwm ua haujlwm kub txog -73 ° C txog +100 ° C. Tsis muaj vov tsev, cov khoom siv yog UV tiv thaiv rau plaub lub hlis.

Tyvek Mos waterproofing zaj duab xis yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev nce UV ruaj khov

Txhim kho dej tsis haum ntawm lub-ru tsev

Lub hauv paus rau kev tso zaj duab xis waterproofing yog lub ru tsev rafter system, uas yog, kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov siab. Yog li, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, siv txoj hlua hluav taws xob muaj kev ruaj ntseg, tus ntaiv muaj zog thiab kev xav ntawm kev nqa khoom ntawm lub tsev mus rau saum ru tsev. Nws kuj tsim nyog npaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, qhov tseem ceeb yog cov stapler thiab staples, riam ntse ntse, thiab ntsuas daim kab xev. Tom qab tsim txoj kab ke, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov khoom ntawm qhov uas yuav tsum yog li 1.2 m, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv dej tuaj yeem nteg tau. Txhawm rau kom muaj lub zog ntau dua, rafters tuaj yeem kho nrog ntoo tshuaj.

Zaj duab xis yog txuas rau ntxuav rafters thiab qhuav

Npaj rau tso ib zaj duab xis waterproofing

Kev npaj rau kev ua kom sai ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab dej tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev ua tshwj xeeb, tab sis nws cuam tshuam txoj cai yuav tsum tau txhim kho txoj cai rau kev txhim kho cov khoom. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no thiab cov qauv dav dav ntawm lub ru tsev yog qhia raws li hauv qab no:

• cov yeeb yaj kiab dej tsis qab tso saum toj ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev nteg nruab nrab ntawm lub rafters. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov lus qhia tawm ntawm cov hlais nrog ntu ntawm 30x50 hli yog txuas rau rafters, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv tau tso. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los muab qhov cua qhov cua;
• zaj duab xis yuav tsum tsis txhob rub ceev dhau - qhov no yuav ua rau lub vas sab. Thaum muab cov ntawv los tiv thaiv tawm hws, me ntsis sagging ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm hais txog 10-20 hli raug tso cai nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm rafters;
• cov canvases yog tsau nrog ib qho sib tshooj ntawm tsawg kawg 15 cm. Los txuas cov pob qij txha, siv cov ntaub nplaum uas tsim rau siv sab nraum zoov;
• thaum npaj lub ru tsev, lub Ridge thaj tsam tuaj yeem ua kom tiav nrog cov txheej txheem superdiffuse, uas muaj qhov ua pa ntawm qhov tsawg kawg ntawm 1000-1200 g / m² ib hnub Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, qhov sib txawv ntawm 200 hli yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm cov ntawv txheeb ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab rau cov pa cua ib txwm muaj.

Pob zeb waterproofing ntawv ci txheej tshuab

Rau kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm, npaj cov sealant rau cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud. Koj kuj tseem xav tau tus kheej tapping screws nrog kev tiv thaiv corrosion txheej, txoj haujlwm qes hluav taws xob tsawg thiab muaj ib qho hacksaw rau ntoo. Tom qab npaj, cov thev naus laus zis ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog cov theem hauv qab no:

1. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov khoom sib dhos, cov kab sib txuas nrog ib ntu ntawm 30x50 hli yog txuas, uas tsim nyog los ua kom muaj qhov cua qhov cua. Tom ntej no, lub yob ntawm cov khoom siv dej thaiv tsis tau nthuav dav, daim ntaub khov kis tau kis tau tav toj thiab ib feem yog txiav nrog cov npoo ntawm txog 30 cm.

   

   Cov khoom siv rau dej tawm pib pib nteg los ntawm eaves

2. Thawj cov canvas yog tsau nrog staples thiab stapler, pib ntawm ntug. Tom qab ntawd txoj hlua thib ob yog pw nrog ib qho sib tshooj ntawm 15 cm ntawm thawj zaug thiab tseem txhawb nqa nrog staples. Yog li, cov ntawv txheeb tau nruab rau saum qhov nws tus kheej. Superdiffuse daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv rau ntawm qhov Ridge, thaum lwm cov qauv hloov kho nyob rau ntu ntawm 200 hli.

   

   Zaj duab xis yog teeb tsa lub ruv coj mus rau hauv tus account hom khoom: piv txwv li, superdiffuse daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem tso rau hauv ib txheej tas mus li

3. Cov pob qij txha ntawm cov kaus poom tau tsau nrog cov nplaum qhwv rau siv sab nraum zoov. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub rooj zaum sib tsoo yog tsa los ntawm 50x30 hli slats. Koj tuaj yeem ua ntej kho cov zawv zawv plaub hau nrog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, tos rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg qhuav thiab ua haujlwm ntxiv. Cov khoom siv vov tsev yog muab tso rau saum cov ntsiab lus no, piv txwv li, corrugated board. Tag nrho cov hauj lwm yog nqa tawm ntawm huab cua kub ntawm tsawg kawg -5 ° C.

   

   Lub lathing rau lub ru tsev yog ntsia rau saum toj ntawm cov kua dej

4. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub hav, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los nteg cov dej kua dej rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv khov rau ntawm txheej tawv. Hauv cheeb tsam cornice, cov ntaub qhwv tuaj yeem hla hauv qhov khoob dej, uas muaj cov ntawv txuas ntxiv mus rau pob kws cornice.

   

   Lub canvas yog tsau ze rau lub eaves board

Yeeb yaj kiab: nta ntawm kev txhim kho zaj duab xis tsis haum ntawm lub ru tsev

Kev ntsuas dej tsis haum yuav muab lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom ruaj khov, tab sis kuj tseem yuav tsim lub chaw xis nyob hauv tsev. Yog li no, thaum npaj lub ru tsev, ib qho kev xaiv tsis raug ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev txhim kho zaj duab xis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.