Kev Hloov Ntawm Lub Ru Tsev Thiab Nws Cov Ntsiab, Suav Nrog Tsis Tuaj Yeem Ua Tiav

2024 Tus sau: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 12:59

Kev hloov pauv ru tsev - ib nrab lossis tiav: cov lus pom zoo ua haujlwm

Lub caij nyoog ntawm lub-ru tsev nyob ntawm peb tus ncej: tsim kev tsim kho, ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis thaum tsim kho, ua haujlwm kom zoo thiab kho kom zoo. Yog tias ib qho ntawm cov theem no tau ua yuam kev lossis tau tsim kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsis tau pom tshwm sim, qee qhov ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv pawg no yuav raug puas ntsoog. Yuav hloov lawv li cas - nyeem txog qhov hauv qab no.

Cov Ntsiab Lus

• 1 Cov phiaj xwm ntawm qhov xav tau los hloov lub vov ru tsev

• 2 Kev Lawb Tawm

  2.1 Yees duab: dismantling lub ru tsev seam

• 3 Yuav ua li cas hloov lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev

  • 3.1 Hloov ua daim nyias nyias ntub tsis tau hle lub ru tsev
  • 3.2 Yuav ua li cas hloov cov hlau ntawm lub ru tsev

  • 3.3 Yuav ua li cas hloov cov kab teeb tsis tas cuam tshuam lub ru tsev

    3.3.1 Yees duab: hloov rafters yam tsis tau rhuav lub ru tsev

  • 3.4 Txo cov roj pleev rau ntawm lub ru tsev

• 4 Ua tiav kev hloov ru tsev

  4.1 Yees duab: kev txhim kho ru tsev

• 5 Kho ntawm cov vov nqov dej

  5.1 Cov Yees Duab: kho cov asbestos-cement slate ru tsev

Cov cim ntawm qhov xav tau los hloov lub ru tsev vov tsev

Ntawm txhua lub ntsiab ntawm lub ru tsev, qhov cuam tshuam zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm sab nraud ib puag ncig yog lub ru tsev npog. Yog li, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov pauv lossis kho nws feem ntau. Lub teeb liab rau kev ua yog cov hauv qab no:

1. Los. Yog tias dej tseem ntws mus rau qhov me me, cov paib ntawm qhov ntsuas tau pom: putrid, ntxhiab tsw, pwm, thiab lwm yam. Muaj qee qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv qhov chaw: qhov chaw ntawm lub qab nthab uas dej tau tshwm sim nyob ntawm qee qhov deb ntawm qhov tawg hauv cov vov tsev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov nplais nqaum muaj txoj kab nqes loj.

   

   Depressurization ntawm lub-ru tsev coj mus rau rotting ntawm ntoo ntsiab ntawm rafter system

2. Puas tsuaj. Yuav tshwm sim thaum ib ceg ntoo lossis pob zeb ntog, ua tib zoo tu lossis daus yaj. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lawv kom raws sijhawm, uas yog, ua ntej cov dej ntaws tawm, lub ru tsev yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qee zaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xub ntiag ntawm kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshaj tawm los ntawm cov tawg ntawm cov vuas vov, uas poob rau hauv av.

   

   Neeg kho tshuab kev puas tsuaj rau lub ru tsev yuav ua rau xau

3. Kev hloov xim. Yog hais tias lub ru tsev yog them nrog ondulin, corrugated board lossis hlau, ces xim hloov qhia tsuas yog fading ntawm cov xim muaj xim. Tsis tas yuav hloov cov khoom tshwj tsis yog tias tus tswv tsev txov tau zoo nkauj. Ib qho ntxiv yog lub vov tsev mos. Qee qhov ntawm nws feem hloov pauv xim yog pob zeb hmoov tau ntxuav tawm ntawm lawv. Thiab qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj uas tiv thaiv cov khoom tawg yooj yim-cov khoom siv polymer los ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob thiab kev ntxhov siab. Yog tias tsis muaj cov hmoov, bitumen-based rolling vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv sai sai pib tawg. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua tibzoo saib lub kaw lus tso dej: qhov ntxuav cov hmoov kom huv ua ntej ntawm txhua qhov teeb meem ntawm no.

4. Kev sib cuam tshuam. Yog tias cov ntawv ntsa tshwm nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv ntawm corrugated board lossis hlau pobzeb, nws txhais tau tias kev tiv thaiv polymer txheej nyob hauv qhov chaw no feem ntau yuav puas thiab pub kom dej hla. Vim tias qhov no, cov hlau yuav maj mam yaig nrog xeb. Ntawm lub ru tsev mos, dej tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv lub dents thiab qhov no, thaum lub sijhawm dhau los, nws yuav pom tseeb nkag mus rau hauv lub vov tsev ncuav mog qab zib. Deformations no tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav thiab ua kom pom lawv, dej raug nchuav saum lub ru tsev.

   

   Cov khoom siv tsis zoo ntawm cov ntawv cog lus asbestos-xis ua rau lawv deformation

5. Ib qho yuam kev thaum xaiv cov khoom vov tsev. Txoj kev vov yuav tsum phim cov nqes ntawm lub ru tsev. Nws yuav tsis raug cai kom nteg nyias corrugated board nrog yoj nthwv dej ntawm txoj kab nqes maj - nws tsis zoo li los tiv thaiv lub nra los ntawm daus, uas yog siab heev ntawm cov vov tsev. Nws tseem yog qhov yuam kev rau nruab lub vov tsev mos raws bitumen nrog lub ru tsev loj ntawm txoj kab nqes: hauv qhov kub, cov khoom siv ntawd yuav mos thiab xaub.
6. Tsis tas li, qhov nyiaj ntawm kev sib tshooj ntawm cov ntawv lossis cov panels nyob ntawm txoj kab nqes: nws yuav tsum yog qhov loj dua, qhov ntau maj mam nqes hav. Yog tias pom muaj qhov tsis sib xws, lub ru tsev yuav tsum hloov ua ntej nws pib xau. Nws kuj raug pom zoo kom ua zoo ib yam yog tias siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo.
7. Ua txhaum ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm lub vov tsev. Hauv qhov no, tsis tas yuav hloov, tab sis nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua kom rov kho lub ru tsev. Txwv tsis pub, tom qab muaj cua hlob lossis los daus, koj yuav tsum tau tsim cov nqi kim dua.

Qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qab nthab thiab qhov chaw puas ntawm lub ru tsev tsis yog ib txwm nyob rau tib txoj kab ncaj ncaj: rau qhov laj thawj no, nws muaj peev xwm kuaj qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub ru tsev tsuas yog tom qab ua tib zoo saib

Lawb tawm

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tshem lub vov tsev qub kom zoo thiab ua raws li txhua txoj cai. Cov nplooj ntawv hnyav nyob ntawm qhov siab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg thiab khoom hauv qab, thiab cov nruab nws tus kheej txaus ntshai poob tawm. Feem ntau dismantling yog nqa tawm hauv cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:

1. Lub laj kab uas muaj cov paib ceeb toom tau teeb tsa nyob ze ntawm lub tsev los ntawm ib sab ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
2. Lawv tshem cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, kav hlau txais xov, thiab lwm yam uas cuam tshuam nrog kev rhuav tshem.
3. Tshem tawm ntawm lub ru tsev qhov rai.
4. Nruab ib lub cuab yeej rau qis cov khoom vov tsev
5. Lawv tshem tawm txhua hom thav ntawv, ru tsev thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov kav dej thiab aeration qhov quav, txaij ntawm galvanized hlau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lub ru tsev txuas rau cov phab ntsa lossis cov duab puab, thiab lwm yam zoo xws.
6. Ua ncaj qha rau dismantling. Lawv pib nrog kev tshem daim tiab thiab tom qab ntawd txav mus los ntawm qis mus rau hauv qab.
7. Yog hais tias lub ru tsev yog them nrog cov khoom siv nyuaj, unscrew cov tsis quav ntsev los yog rub tawm cov ntsia hlau nrog ntsia hlau thiab hloov qis dua cov ntawv thoov mus rau hauv av. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv daim ntawv los ntawm swb zawv zawg, nws yuav tsum tau muab xov nrog xov hlau nrog qhov khoov duav thaum tshem tawm cov khawm ris.

8. Lub ru tsev mos tau txiav nrog lub taus nrog lub taub ntev lossis txiav nrog cov txaug txiav rau hauv plaub fab ntu, uas tom qab ntawd tev tawm ntawm lub hauv paus thiab muab pov tseg. Yog li hais tias koj tsis tas yuav nkim lub zog tom qab ntawm kev ntxuav thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam, koj tuaj yeem nteg tawv ntoo lossis cov tuab tuab yas qhwv raws cov qauv.

   

   Kev tso tawm haujlwm ua haujlwm kom tshem lub ru tsev mos yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau qhov kub tsis tshaj 20 degrees Celsius

Nws raug nquahu kom rhuav lub ru tsev mos ntawm qhov kub qis dua +20 ⁰ С - ntawm qhov kub siab dua cov roj bitumen muag muag thiab nws nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm nrog nws.

Lub rooj zaum nqaj hlau, yog tias nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua dua los siv cov ntawv, raug rhuav tshem kom zoo, siv lub cooj rauj lossis ob lub vov tsev nres. Yog tias lub ru tsev tiv thaiv tsis zoo thiab nws tau npaj tseg pov tseg, cov nqaj sawv yog tawg qhib nrog lub lapel rauj thiab crowbar, tus sawv cev tam sim - nrog lub ru tsev txaug txaij.

Hauv kev xaus, eaves overhangs, gutters thiab ntau yam txuas ntxiv tsis muaj kev txhim kho thiab txo qis.

Lub ru tsev rho tawm dej tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke, piv txwv li, hauv txoj kev no:

• ib qho thaiv yuav tsum tau muab ntsia hlau rau daim txiag tuab ntawm qhov kawg thiab hauv nruab nrab;
• lub rooj tsavxwm ntsia saum lub ru tsev kom nws xaus nrog lub thaiv uas txuas nrog nws dai txog 1 m;
• - ib lub platform ntawm 50x50 cm yog hammered los ntawm cov laug cam - cov khoom tawg uas tau muab tshem tawm yuav muab tso rau ntawm nws;

• lub platform raug ncua los ntawm ib txoj hlua, thiab tom qab ntawd nws dhau los ntawm cov khoom thaiv thiab tsau qhov chaw ntawm lub ru tsev.

  

  Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov qauv siv yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem lub ru tsev

Daim vis dis aus: dismantling lub rooj zaum sawv ntsug ru tsev

Yuav ua li cas hloov lub ru tsev ntawm ib lub tsev

Cov daus thiab cua thauj ntawm lub ru tsev yog siab heev. Yog hais tias lub installation tau nqa tawm yam tsis tau saib cov thev naus laus zis, rooj plaub yuav xaus tsis yog tsuas yog xau, tab sis kuj tseem nrog qhov rhuav tshem ntawm lub ru tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev tso siab hloov chaw ntawm lub ru tsev rau cov neeg txawj xav thiab cov neeg paub tab. Tab sis kev kho me me, piv txwv li, txhim kho thaj lossis hloov khawm, tuaj yeem ua ntawm koj tus kheej.

Hloov cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tsis nkag dej tsis tau rhuav tshem lub ru tsev

Raws li cov thev naus laus zis, cov yeeb yaj kiab dej ua ke yog nteg hla cov rafters thiab tsau nrog lub txee dai khaub ncaws, ntawm uas cov crate yog ces khoom. Tej zaum nws yuav tsim nyog los hloov cov khoom siv no, piv txwv, rau ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no:

1. Cov peev txheej sab lim. Ntawd yog, zaj duab xis tsum tsis ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm vim lub ntuj laus.
2. Cov khoob khoob tau tshwm sim. Qhov no tshwm sim yog tias siv cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis zoo siv lossis qhov muaj qhov tsis muaj zog txaus, nrog rau yog tias nteg tsis muaj sagging.
3. Cov khoom siv xaiv yuam kev. Nws siv kev siv cov pa airtight zaj duab xis es tsis txhob siv cov vapor-permeable waterproofing membrane. Yog tias nws nteg ze rau ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, raws li ua tiav nrog daim nyias nyias, nws yuav sai sai no ntub vim muaj cov hws tawm. Ordinary vapor-proof films yuav siv tau cov dej thaiv dej tsuas yog tias muaj qhov cua ntawm lawv thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev, zoo ib yam li ntawm zaj duab xis no thiab cov vov tsev.
4. Lub membrane tau muab tso rau sab tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Peb tab tom hais txog cov kav dej tsis qab ntsev uas tso dej tawm mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia xwb. Qhov tseeb, cov khoom siv no yog npaj rau nteg rau ntawm phab ntsa, tab sis hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tsis muaj dab tsi thaiv nws los ntawm kev siv hauv cov vuas tsev. Thiab nws thiaj li tshwm sim hais tias zaj duab xis tau pw ntawm qhov tsis yog, yog li nws cia dej rau hauv rwb thaiv tsev. Hauv qhov no, tau kawg, kev tiv thaiv dej tsis qab yuav tsum muab hloov tam sim ntawd.

Lub tswv yim, lub vov npog, cov tub rog thiab cov tawm tsam kev tawm tsam yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom hloov cov yeeb yaj kiab dej. Tab sis qhov no yog lub nra rau tus tswv tsev, tshwj xeeb yog tias, vim tsis muaj kev paub dhau los, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua cov haujlwm no ntawm nws tus kheej thiab raug yuam kom ntiav cov neeg ua haujlwm sab nraud ua txoj haujlwm.

1, 4 - txee rau ntxaij ntoo; 2 - rafter ceg; 3 - zaj duab xis los hloov; 5 - kub-insulating cov khoom; 6 - vapor barrier zaj duab xis; 7 - plasterboard los xij; 8 - phab ntsa ntub dej ntsia thawv ntsia hlau rau cov kab teeb; 9 - tshiab waterproofing vapor-permeable membrane

Muaj ib txoj kev yooj yim los hloov cov vuas vov tsev, uas tsis tas yuav rhuav lub ru tsev thiab lub lathing:

1. Lub vov tsev cov khoom qab zib tau rhuav tshem sab hauv, tshem tawm ib qho: ib qho phab ntsa cladding, lathing tsau rau sab saum toj ntawm lub vapor barrier, vapor barrier, rwb thaiv tsev. Yog li ntawd, nkag mus rau zaj duab xis tiv thaiv dej qub yuav tau txais.
2. Cov zaj duab xis qub txiav tawm.

3. Tso cov yeeb yaj kiab tshiab nyob rau hauv qab ntawm rafters, kom nws haum lawv thiab los ze rau ntawm crate, tab sis tsis txhob nias ze rau nws. Yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw dim pa, txwv tsis pub chav yuav ua kom me me nyob hauv qab ntawm lub ru tsev npog lub caij ntuj no.

   

   Cov yeeb yaj kiab tshiab yog tua rau cov rafters

4. Txhawm rau zaj duab xis kom kho nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm no, nws yog tua nrog tus stapler mus rau sab chaw ntawm rafters.
5. Cov kab dov yog dov tav toj pib los ntawm qhov hauv qab. Kev sib tshooj ntawm cov kab yog 10-15 cm dav thiab yog glued nrog ob mog daim kab xev

Tom ntej, lub vov tsev cov ncuav mog qab zib yog sau rau hauv daim ntawv rov qab:

1. Ua ntej, rwb thaiv tsev yog nteg nruab nrab ntawm rafters. Yog hais tias cov yeeb yaj kiab dej tshiab yog vapor-permeable membrane (lawv tseem hu ua diffusion lossis superdiffusion), lub tshuab cua sov tuaj yeem muab tso ze nws. Yog tias tsis muaj vapor permeability, qhov sib txawv ntawm 20 hli yuav tsum sab laug ntawm zaj duab xis thiab lub rwb thaiv tsev. Ib qho yuav tsum tau ua ntej yog tias nws yuav tsum tau tso cua tawm, uas yog, yuav tsum muaj qhov cua los ntawm ib sab ntawm cov pob kws thiab hauv qab qhov rooj.

   

   Thaum tshav kub kub-insulating mats tau pw ze rau vapor-permeable daim nyias nyias thiab nrog qhov sib txawv - rau cov yeeb yaj kiab dej yog tias nws tsis muaj vapor-permeability.

2. Yog tias cov pob zeb hauv av, txawm iav lossis basalt, yog siv ua kev rwb thaiv tsev, koj yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nrog nws hauv lub tshuab ua pa, tsom iav, hnab looj tes thiab khaub ncaws ua haujlwm, uas koj yuav tsis mloog pov tseg.
3. Lub tshav kub rwb thaiv tsev yog them nrog zaj duab xis vapor. Kuj tseem tuaj yeem yoob nyob ntawm no: hloov ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab airtight, ib qho vapor-permeable membrane qee zaum tso.
4. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los ua tib zoo lo ntawm qhov sib tshooj ntawm cov vapor barrier strips nrog ob daim kab xev ob sab, thiab koj yuav tsum siv cov ntawv tso siab tshaj plaws ntawm nws. Xws li, piv txwv, yog butyl roj hmab cov ntaub nplaum. Tsis tu ncua nrog qhov muaj qhov siab tuaj yeem tawm tuaj, ua rau tawg, thiab cov nyhuv ntawm vapor permeability yuav ploj mus.
5. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub vapor barrier, ib qho crate yog txuas, uas tus phab ntsa cladding yog tom qab ntawd screwed. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ntswj lub qhov pob ze rau ntawm lub vapor barrier, uas yog, yam tsis muaj lub crate, raws li noo noo tuaj yeem ua rau khaus ntawm zaj duab xis.

Nrog hom no ntawm hloov zaj duab xis, cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua raug rhuav tshem dua li cov vov tsev thiab lathing. Tab sis ntawm no ib yam nkaus thiab, qhov tseeb yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj: txhua qhov khoob tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj kev pom zoo, thiab lub thaiv vapor yuav tsum ua kom nruj kiag li. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom no yog qhov tshiab ntawm cov dej ua yeeb yaj kiab yuav tsis tiv thaiv cov rafters los ntawm ya raws.

Yog tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv vov tsim nyog ntawm tes, koj tuaj yeem thov ib ntus thaj chaw ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj, suav nrog ob peb txheej ntawm cov ntaub impregnated nrog cov xim nitro.

Yuav ua li cas hloov cov hlau ntawm lub ru tsev

Yog hais tias lub ru tsev muaj hlau npog, cov xwm txheej hauv qab no muaj peev xwm ua tau:

• thaum tso cov thev naus laus zis tau ua txhaum;
• siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo;
• ib lub qhov tau tsim hauv cov ntawv vim xeb lossis cua los ntawm cov khoom hnyav.

Thawj kis yuav tsum tau rov txheej txheej dua, rau qhov nws yog qhov yuav tsum muaj feem nrog cov kws tshwj xeeb. Hauv lwm qhov ob, cov tswv tsev tuaj yeem kho nws tus kheej.

Kev hloov chaw ntawm kev ua vajtse sai sai yog nqa tawm raws li hauv qab no:

1. Cov ntaub ntawv ceev ntawm cov nplooj ntawv uas nyob ib sab rau ntawm ib qho raug kho yog me ntsis qaug zog.
2. Cov nplooj ntawv nyob sib ze yog tshem tawm thiab cov ntoo thaiv ntoo tau tsav hauv qab lawv cov npoo - lawv yuav nias daim ntawv kho rau cov yas. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau txheej txheej tiv thaiv rau ntawm daim ntawv, cov khoom vov tsev, rubemast, glassine lossis lwm yam khoom zoo sib xws yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv qab kab npoo.
3. Rhuav lub tshuab ntsuas vaj huam sib luag kom hloov. Yog tias cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tau ploj lawv lub cev elasticity, lawv kuj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
4. Ntsia thawv nyob rau hauv tus kheej tshiab tapping screws nrog elastic sealing txuas.

5. Tshem tawm cov npoo plaub thiab muab cov fasteners ntawm cov nplooj ntawv uas nyob ib sab.

   

   Yog tias qhov kev puas tsuaj npog ntau qhov chaw, nws pom zoo kom hloov tag nrho cov ntawv puas

Yog tias daim ntawv raug nplua, nws yuav tsum tau hloov nrog txhua daim ntawv nrog tib qhov loj me. Hauv qhov no, ua raws li cov qub uas tau hais tseg cia. Lub qhov me me tuaj yeem muab patched:

1. Cov cheeb tsam puag ncig lub qhov yog ntxuav nrog txhuam hlau.
2. Ib daim ntaub yog txiav tawm ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm cov vov hlau, uas ntau tshaj qhov loj me ntawm lub qhov los ntawm 7-10 cm hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia.
3. Tom qab daim ntawv thiab thaj ua rau kho nrog flux, tom kawg muab tso rau ntawm lub qhov thiab soldered raws ntug.
4. Lub zom zaws ua tiav nrog cov ntaub ntawv, txiav tawm qhov tshaj.

5. Thaj chaw thaj tsam ntawm txheej txheej yog pleev xim rau.

   

   Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm txheej txheej nyob rau ntawm feem ntau ntawm lub ru tsev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum pleev xim tsis tas rau ntawm qhov chaw thaj ntxiv rau pob, tab sis tag nrho saum npoo

Yuav ua li cas hloov pauv kab teeb tsis muaj kev sib cais ntawm lub ru tsev

Cov kev txhawb nqa rau cov rafters yog ib txoj kab teeb nteg nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm phab ntsa - Mauerlat. Qhov kawg ntawm lub rafter yog txiav kom nws so ntawm Mauerlat nrog tag nrho cheeb tsam, qhov tshwm sim ntawm uas nws tuaj yeem tiv taus lub nra yam tsis muaj deformation. Tab sis yog tias cov txheej txheem rotting pib txhim kho nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txhawb nqa, lub rafters maj mam thawb los ntawm cov ntoo uas tsis muaj zog thiab cov qauv ntsuas ntawm cov nqes hav yog ua txhaum. Lub ru tsev zoo li tsis ntseeg thiab tej zaum yuav xau.

Koj tuaj yeem kho kab teeb ci tsis tau faib lub ru tsev zoo li no:

1. Cov ntawv sau ntawm pob kws thiab lub vov vov npog ntawm Mauerlat seem raug kho yog tshem tawm. Yog tias cov xim pleev rau cov ntsia hlau (nplawm me me ntawm cov nplais, cov pob zeb slate), lawv yuav tsum rub tawm nrog cov ntsia hlau, muab cov txiag nrog cov seem ntawm 40x150 mm hauv qab nws. Yuav lav tsis tau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom vov tsev, koj tuaj yeem txiav cov ntsia hlau taub hau nrog lub tshuab grinder.
2. Rau sab rau ib sab ntawm rafters so ntawm rotted seem ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 50-100 cm los ntawm qhov kawg, hauv ob sab phlu los ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nrog ib seem ntawm 50x150 mm yog ntsia hlau.
3. Los ntawm ob sab, struts raug ntsia rau rafters ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev sib tshooj. Nrog tib tug, lawv yuav tsum tau so ntawm qhov chaw so ntawm Mauerlat. Yog tias cov nyob deb dhau, koj yuav tsum nteg ib tug nqaj ntawm tib ntu ntawm ntawm Mauerlat rau ntawm phab ntsa lossis pem teb kab teeb los txhawb nqa cov struts. Cov nqaj yuav tsum raug kho, cov struts yuav tsum raug ntsia hlau ntsia rau rafters thiab kev txhawb nqa.

4. Ntu ntu ntawm Mauerlat tab tom raug kho. Lub hauv paus txiav ntoo yog qhov txiav tawm thiab hauv nws qhov chaw, tom qab ua tib zoo kho nrog kev siv tshuaj tua kab, ntxig los ntawm pawg tswj hwm lossis kab yog nruab.

   

   Rotted thaj chaw ntawm Mauerlats raug tshem tawm thiab hloov nrog cov kab nkag tshiab

Cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm Mauerlat tau txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm. Nws tuaj yeem yog:

• kev puas tsuaj rau dej tsis dhau lub phab ntsa lossis nws qhov tsis tuaj. Ib daig ntawm cov khoom vov tshiab lossis cov khoom sib xws yuav tsum tau pw hauv qab ntawm Mauerlat;
• kev kho mob tsis txaus ntawm Mauerlat tag nrho nrog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
• xau hauv lub ru tsev;
• muaj kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev siab cua. Tshawb xyuas qhov thaiv cov cua ua pa hauv qab cov pa khiab thiab hauv qab, qhov thaiv vov tsev. Nws yuav tsum paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam nrog kev txav ntawm huab cua;
• to kev vapor barrier.

Tom qab ua tiav ntawm kev kho, cov struts raug tshem tawm, cov vov vov thiab pob kws tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw.

Daim vis dis aus: hloov rafters yam tsis tau rhuav lub ru tsev

Hloov cov roj hmab ntawm lub ru tsev

Thaum lub sij hawm, bituminous vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv poob lawv elasticity thiab keej. Cov khoom ntog dej tawm ntawm txheej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem kho los ntawm kev hloov ntawm cov cob. Ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas nws ua:

1. Cov luas ntawm bitumen tau yaj rau hauv lub ntim uas tau teeb tsa saum toj hluav taws lossis tshuab tawg.
2. Tom qab lub bitumen yog yaj tag, siv lub cav roj tau nchuav rau hauv nws nrog tas li nplawm. Nws lub ntim yog 1 liter rau txhua txhua 10 kg ntawm bitumen.
3. Tom ntej no, chalk yog ntxiv rau qhov sib xyaw hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 1 kg rau txhua txhua 10 kg ntawm bitumen. Sib tov cov mastic dua kom txog thaum tus.

4. Tom qab hle cov ntoo roj hmab qub thiab cov khib nyiab ntawm lub ru tsev, thov qhov tshiab sau rau nws nrog lub hlau kheej lossis nrog txhuam (txhuam tshwj xeeb). Yog tias nws yuav tsum lo ib daim ntawv ntawm cov vov tsev cov khoom siv, bikrost lossis qee yam zoo sib xws rau saum, cov roj av yog thov hauv 1 txheej, yog tias nws tus kheej ua cov txheej txheej sab nraud - hauv 3 txheej.

   

   Lub qhov tso yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub taub ntim nkag ntawm ib qho chaw txawb thiab rhuab los ntawm hauv qab no siv rab phom

Ua tiav kev hloov ru tsev

Yog hais tias lub ru tsev npog ib qho kev txhim kho tsis zoo, nws yuav tsum hloov tag nrho. Lawv coj zoo li no:

1. Cov txheej txheem qub yog rhuav tshem raws li tau piav saum toj no.
2. Yuav tsum xaiv daim ntawv vov vov tshiab. Yog tias tus txheej txheem tshiab crate tau muab tso, nws tuaj yeem yog txhua yam, tsuav nws ntog kab ntawm lub ru tsev. Yog tias qhov hloov ntawm lub crate tsis xav tau, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov vuas hlau lossis corrugated board: nrog xws li txheej txheej, qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub thav duab qub yuav tsis pom zoo li ntawd.
3. Tidy up rafter system. Cov av lwj lossis pwm yog txiav tawm thiab ua kom huv nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.
4. Yog tias cov peev txheej ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab dej, nws yog tshem tawm, thiab ib qho tshiab tso, ntsia ntsia hlau los yog khov rau cov rafters
5. Yog hais tias lub ru tsev tau them nrog slate thiab nws tau txiav txim siab los hloov nws nrog cov ntawv hlau, ib lub txee rau sab nrauv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau qhov chaw rafter. Nws tsis haum rau hauv daim slate, tab sis nws yuav tsum yog txoj cai nyob hauv qab cov pobzeb hlau lossis corrugated board. Txwv tsis pub, hlau txias yuav pos huab hauv qab no thaum lub caij ntuj no. Cov lus qhia txee yog 25 hli tuab tuab cov khoom uas yog cov khoom raws rafters los ntawm saum toj no. Ua tsaug rau lawv, qhov khoob yuav tau txais nruab nrab ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab dej thiab cov crate, los ntawm cov pa uas nkag mus rau cov ntawv hlau yuav tau nqa tawm los ntawm kev cua ntsawj ntshab.
6. Pib hauv qab, tsev vov tshiab vov kab yog nteg ua ke. Cov kab yuav tsum pib ntawm ib sab tig mus rau hauv cov kev taw qhia cua hlob. Ntawd yog, yog tias cov cua feem ntau tshuab los ntawm sab xis hauv kev piv rau txoj kab nqes, ces kev tso ntawm kab yuav tsum tau pib los ntawm sab laug.

Cov kab feem ntau yog pw raws li cov theem hauv qab no:

• ntsia hlau thawj daim ntawv nrog ib tus kheej kheej taij ntsia hlau ua kaum tsev;
• ob los yog peb ntau daim ntawv tau muab ntsia hlau rau thawj daim ntawv;
• cov txiaj ntsig saw tau mus raws li kab rov tav;
• thaum kawg ntsia hlau txhua daim ntawv mus rau crate.

Ntawm theem kawg, ib txoj kab txuas ntawm lub luag haujlwm yog ntsia. Nws yog sib sau ua ke los ntawm ntau qhov chaw, uas, zoo li daim ntawv vov tsev, yuav tsum tau pw nrog kev sib tshooj. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum pib tso los ntawm kev sib tw ntawm ib sab mus rau qhov kev sib luag ntawm kev sib luag cua.

Video: kho vaj tse

Kev vov tsev siab qis

Slate muaj tus nqi qis heev thiab tib lub sijhawm nws cov kev pabcuam lub neej ntev heev. Yog li no, cov khoom siv no tseem siv tau ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv cov tsev hauv lub teb chaws lossis hauv cov tsev ua liaj ua teb. Tab sis slate yog qhov tsis yooj yim thiab yog li ntawd qhov tawg lossis lub qhov yuav tshwm sim hauv nws nrog qhov siab ntxim. Yog tias qhov kev puas tsuaj me me, nws tuaj yeem kho hauv ib txoj hauv kev hauv qab no:

1. Thaj chaw npog nrog cov khoom tawg me yog pleev xim, tom qab ntawd npog nrog daim ntaub thiab pleev xim dua.
2. Koj tuaj yeem nqa kev kho dua tshiab uas siv cov tshuab thev naus laus zis tib yam, tab sis siv silicone sealant es tsis txhob pleev xim.
3. Lwm qhov kev xaiv: thov bitumen-polymer mastic rau qhov chaw puas, nteg xov fiberglass nyob rau sab saum toj thiab thov mastic dua.
4. Cov kab nrib pleb loj loj tau muab ntim nrog cov hmoov av asbestos-cement.
5. Thaum txhawm rau ua kom tawg, txoj kev daws teeb meem yog siv rau hauv ob peb txheej kom txog rau thaum tuab ntawm qhov putty ncav cuag 2 hli. Yog hais tias qhov npoo ntawm qhov tawg tau faib, ib daim ntaub qhwv nyob hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau pw ntawm nws.
6. Qhov av kaw tau nrog aluminium ntawv ci ntxiv thaj ua rau thaj. Lub thaj yog txuas rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub slate siv lub ntsej muag nplaum.
7. Ib qho khoom siv yooj yim rau cov txhuam kab nrib pleev yog cov roj hmab butyl.

8. Yog tias daim ntawv tawg, nws tuaj yeem nplaum nrog epoxy. Ua ntej, nyob rau sab nraub qaum, daim ntawv yog glued nrog lub fiberglass mesh, tom qab ntawd epoxy yog nchuav mus rau hauv qhov tawg ntawm sab xub ntiag.

   

   Asbestos-cement mortar yog npaj rau kev sib khi loj loj.

Kev npaj ntawm av tshauv-cement mortar yog nqa tawm hauv cov kev txiav txim hauv qab no:

• zuaj lub pob zeb cug los ntawm kev ntxiv dej thiab tib cov nyiaj ntawm PVA kua nplaum rau cov cement;
• me me los ntawm kev daws teeb meem tau nkag mus rau hauv cov asbestos, coj hauv lub ntim 3 zaug loj dua li lub ntim ntawm cov tshuaj;
• do qhov sib tov kom txog thaum tus kheej (nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom zuaj tag nrho cov qog).

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum cais tawm ntawm cov khoom noj ntawm cov hmoov av tshauv mus rau hauv lub ntsws, yog li cov tshuaj tau npaj ua hauv lub tshuab ua pa

Video: Kev kho vaj tse los ntawm asbestos-cement slate

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, ntau hom kev kho tsev vov tsev tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm tus tswv tsev nws tus kheej. Tab sis txawm lawv yuav yog dab tsi los xij, txawm hais tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, koj ib txwm yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog kev nyab xeeb. Tsis txhob nce mus rau hauv lub ru tsev hauv huab cua ntub thaum lub ntsej muag nplawm; ua kom lub caj dab nuv ntawm lub ru tsev ntaiv kom ruaj khov rau hauv qhov chaw; siv khau tsis khau khiab.