Cov Hom Vov Cov Ntaub Ntawv Nrog Cov Lus Piav Qhia Thiab Cov Yam Ntxwv Thiab Tshuaj Xyuas, Suav Nrog Yob, Ntxiv Rau Cov Yam Ntxwv Ntawm Lawv Txoj Haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 12:59

Cov hom vov tsev thiab lawv cov nta thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm

Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm txhua lub ru tsev qauv yog ncaj qha ntsig txog hom khoom vov tsev uas nruab rau nws. Tam sim no, txoj kev tsho tiv no tau siv dav, hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam uas niaj hnub siv, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim cov ntaub ntawv multilayer nrog cov tshuaj txau tshwj xeeb. Txawm hais tias cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam, cov xim vov tsev ib txwm muaj los siv rau cov xyoo dhau los tseem nrov heev. Yuav kom muaj ib lub tswv yim ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom rau lub vov tsev, nws yog qhov yuav tsum xav txog cov yam ntxwv kev ntawm lawv.

Cov Ntsiab Lus

• 1 Cov hom khoom vov

  1.1 Yees duab: xaiv lub vov tsev rau ib lub tsev

• 2 Daim ntawv vov tsev thiab nws cov ntau hom

  • 2.1 Cov vuas hlau

    • 2.1.1 Cov duab ntawm nyem ntawm cov vuas hlau
    • 2.1.2 Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv rau cov vuas hlau
    • 2.1.3 Glossy polyester (polyester)
    • 2.1.4 Matt polyester
    • 2.1.5 Pural
    • 2.1.6 Plastisol
    • 2.1.7 Polydifluorite
    • 2.1.8 Yees duab: hom vuas hlau
    • 2.1.9 Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov kws tshaj lij txog cov vuas hlau thiab hom ntawm lawv cov tsho tiv no

  • 2.2 Daim ntaub vov tsev

    • 2.2.1 Kev Txiav Txim Н60
    • 2.2.2 Yees duab: kev cob qhia cov pem teb Н60
    • 2.2.3 pem teb kev tshaj lij НС35
    • 2.2.4 Tus neeg siv kev tshuaj xyuas txog corrugated vov tsev
    • 2.2.5 Yees duab: lus piav qhia txog kev ua haujlwm flooring НС35

  • 2.3 Ondulin

    1 Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov tswv ntawm cov tsev nrog lub ru tsev ua los ntawm ondulin

  • 2.4 Daim phiaj

    2.4.1 Lub tswv yim los ntawm cov tswv ntawm slate ru tsev

  • 2.5 Txheej leeg ru tsev

    • 2.5.1 Steel leeg vov ntaub
    • 2.5.2 tooj liab leeg vov tsev
    • 2.5.3 Txhuas vuas leeg vov tsev
    • 2.5.4 Kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm sawv ntsug vov ru tsev
    • 2.5.5 Yees duab: nruab ib lub ru tsev seam

• 3 Cov ntaub ntawv rau lub vov tsev mos

  • 3.1 yob lub ru tsev
  • 3.2 Thermoplastic polyolefin

  • 3.3 PVC mem hluav

    3.3.1 Cov Kev Ntsuas ntawm PVC membrane txheej

• 4 Cov vuas vov vov thiab lawv ntau yam

  • 4.1 Cov vuas luaj ceramic vov tsev
  • 4.2 Maas-xuab zeb vuas

  • 4.3 Cov pob hluav taws xob me me

    4.3.1 Cov Kev Ntsuas txog cov nplais bituminous

• 5 Tiag tiag ruaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev

  5.1 Video: xaiv lub-ru tsev - xyoo yuav qhia

• 6 Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau hom ntaub ntawv vov tsev

Cov hom ntaub ntawv vov tsev

Nyob ntawm tus qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem rafter, lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev thiab lub cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv uas lub tsev nyob, ntau hom ntawm lub ru tsev raug siv:

1. Cov vuas vov tsev.
2. Hlau profile.
3. Tshuav Poj.
4. Ondulin.
5. Daim Slate.
6. Seam ru tsev ua los ntawm cov hlau, aluminium lossis tooj liab.
7. Cov vov tsev mos.
8. Fused yob cov ntaub ntawv.
9. Lub vov vov vov.
10. Cov vuas vov vov tsev.

Txhua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm hauv cov npe no muaj cov cim txuj ci, uas yuav tham txog ntau yam hauv qab no.

Cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj cov tsev tam sim no yog cov bituminous thiab cov vuas luaj ceramic, seam steel vov tsev thiab hlau vov tsev.

Video: xaiv lub vov tsev rau ib lub tsev

Sheet vov thiab nws cov ntau hom

Lub npe “daim ntawv vov tsev” txhais tau tias cov vuas vov tsev yog tsim cov duab plaub fab sib dhos lossis cov duab plaub uas muaj qhov tiaj tiaj lossis cov uas tob. Cov ntaub ntawv vov xws li:

• cov vuas hlau;
• cov ntaub ntawv profiled (corrugated board);
• slate;
• ondulin;
• cov ntawv txheeb los ntawm hlau, tooj liab thiab txhuas rau sawv ntsug vov tsev vov tsev.

Cov pobzeb hlau

Cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov vuas hlau yog daim ntawv galvanized steel (alumina-galvanized) nrog tuab tuab ntawm 0.35 txog 0.7 hli, uas siv ob peb txheej txheej tiv thaiv.

Cov vuas hlau yog tsim los ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej siv siab, nrog kev pabcuam uas cov khoom siv ua kom zoo thiaj li ua rau nws zoo li cov vuas luaj ceramic. Ib txheej ntawm zinc, primer thiab polymer tshuaj txau yog thov rau ob sab ntawm cov ntawv hlau. Sab xub ntiag ntawm txheej pleev xim rau hauv cov xim sib txawv, thaum sab hauv feem ntau yog xim dawb lossis txho.

Ntawm kev muag khoom muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov vuas hlau hauv txhua yam xim raws li feem ntau txais RAL catalog

Txoj kev ntsuas qhov siab (lub thwj cim qhov tob) cuam tshuam rau qhov txhav ntawm cov ntawv hlau. Qhov siab dua qhov ntsuas no, qhov ua qhov yooj yooj yim ntawm daim ntawv.

Los ntawm hom nyem zoo, cov vuas hlau yog qhov txawv hauv ob qhov ntau thiab tsawg:

• nrog nthwv dej me me, qhov siab ntawm uas tsis pub tshaj 50 hli;
• high yoj - ntau dua 50 hli.

Tus qauv nyem ntawm cov nplais xim pob zeb tuaj yeem muaj qhov hluav taws xob zoo ib yam los yog nthwv dej asymmetrical.

Hlau nplais nyem cov duab

Cov vuas hlau txawv hauv cov duab ntawm tus qauv nyem. Feem ntau cov khw hauv Lavxias koj tuaj yeem nrhiav nws ntau yam hu ua "Monterrey", uas yog li 80% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom ntawm chav kawm no. Nws los nyob hauv ntau yam:

• "Tus Qauv";
• "Niaj hnub nimno";
• "Maxi";
• "Super";
• "Retro";
• "Lux";
• "Classic".

Cov subspecies ntawm lub tsho tiv no muaj cov duab sib txawv thiab ntau qhov sib txawv, tab sis cov qauv nyem rau cov ntaub ntawv sau tau zoo ib yam - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm du, puag ncig vuam.

Lwm qhov, tsis tshua muaj ntau hom hlau pobzeb, yog kev hloov kho ntawm "Cascade" hom. Nws lub ntsiab sib txawv yog tias cov vuag viav vias muaj cov ces kaum ntse ntse - hauv qhov tsos, xws li ib txheej zoo nkaus li cov khaub noom chocolate.

Tom ntej no, txawm tias tsawg dua hom hlau pobzeb yog cov khoom siv ntawm Andalusia pawg. Nyob rau hauv tsos, lawv qog cov nplais ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic. Cov ntawv txheeb tau muaj qhov nrawm nrawm sab hauv, uas tau muab zais ntawm cov pob qij txha, uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem sawv lub txheej tsis muaj qhov pom kev hloov thiab qhov siab sib txawv. Qhov kev saib dav dav ntawm lub ru tsev zoo li ib qho tag nrho saum npoo.

Cov neeg tsim khoom tsim ntau hom hlau vuas hlau nrog cov sib txawv nyem thiab yoj qhov siab

Kev tiv thaiv txheej txheem rau cov vuas hlau

Cov vuas hlau sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj cov tiv thaiv txheej txheem. Lub tuab ntawm cov txau no tuaj yeem nruab nrab ntawm 0.02 txog 0.25 hli. Cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov xim cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv mus rau corrosion, UV hluav taws xob, thiab kev tiv thaiv huab cua. Raws li kev tiv thaiv txheej txheem rau cov vuas hlau siv:

• glossy polyester;
• matte polyester;
• pural;
• plastisol;

• polydifluorite.

  

  Cov ntawv ntawm cov pobzeb hlau muaj ntau cov qauv, thiab cov hom kev tiv thaiv thiab cov kho kom zoo nkauj siv siv yuav txawv raws cov chav kawm ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov chaw tsim khoom

Glossy polyester (polyester)

Glossy polyester txheej tau txais qhov nrov tshaj plaws vim qhov tseeb tias nws muaj tus nqi qis, tsis hloov pauv nws cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab lub cev thaum raug rau ultraviolet hluav taws xob thiab yog qhov tseeb tsis raug rau cov txheej txheem corrosive. Lub tuab ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag polyester yog li ntawm 25 txog 30 microns. Txau txheej txheej yog qhov chaw tsis muaj zog rau cov ntawv ntawm cov pobzeb hlau, txij li txawm tias muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis, khawb tau tshwm rau nws. Hauv kev hais txog qhov no, cov vuas hlau xim nrog cov ntaub lo rau polyester yog qhov tsis haum rau siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj dej nag ntau zaus.

Glossy polyester txheej ntawm cov vuas hlau tsis kam tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov khoom ntse thiab khawb

Matt polyester

Matte polyester txheej tau thov rau hauv txheej txheej tuab dua - los ntawm 35 hli, uas muab ntau dua ua hauj rau kev puas tsuaj rau kev kho tshuab. Yog li ntawd, thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw ntawm kev thov ntawm cov pobzeb hlau yog qhov muaj ntau dua. Nws yuav tsum tau ris hauv siab tias cov vuas hlau nrog cov matte polyester tsis sib txawv hauv ntau cov duab ntxoo.

Matte polyester zoo dua tiv thaiv saum npoo ntawm cov vuas hlau, tab sis muaj tsawg dua xim xim ntxoov ntxoo

Pural

Kev txau rau Pural yog thov rau cov pobzeb hlau nrog ib txheej ntawm 50 microns tuab. Ua tsaug rau polyurethane, uas yog ib feem ntawm pural, cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog huab cua huab cua nruj. Lub txheej tiv thaiv cov huab cua hloov pauv, tab sis nws tsis tshua siv ntev dua li plastisol.

Pural thov rau cov vuas hlau tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev hloov kub thiab hnyav dej nag

Plastisol

Cov hlau pobzeb coated nrog plastisol muaj cov ntawv sau tau zoo vim lub zog polyvinyl chloride nyob rau hauv cov txheej tiv. Plastisol thov nyob rau hauv ib txheej 200 microns tuab, uas muab cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev nrog lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho tshuab thiab kev huab cua phem. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj qis tiv thaiv rau cov duab hluav taws xob ultraviolet, thiab muaj cov polyvinyl chloride nyob hauv nws cov lus sib xyaw hauv qee lub tebchaws tau lees paub tias tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.

Plastisol ntseeg tau tiv thaiv cov vuas hlau tsis tsuas yog los ntawm kev kho tshuab, tab sis kuj los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw muaj pa thiab muab kev ntxim nyiam ntawm cov txheej nrog cov ntawv tshaj tawm hais

Polydifluorite

Polydifluorite yog cov tshuaj pleev xim rau hloov kho, vim tias nws yog 80% polyvinyl chloride thiab 20% acrylic. Lub tuab ntawm txheej rau cov vuas hlau yog tsim tsuas yog txog 30 microns, qhov no txaus los muab kev tiv thaiv txhim khu kev qha thiab tiv taus kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha. Tshuaj lom neeg cov roj txheej ua rau nws tuaj yeem tsim nws hauv qhov ntau ntawm cov xim, tab sis tus nqi ntawm cov khoom vov tsev nrog xws li cov tshuaj tsuag yog qhov siab heev.

Polydifluorite (PVDF, PVDF2) yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov vuas hlau, tab sis nws ua rau nws cov nqi nce ntxiv

Video: hom vuas hlau

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij txog cov vuas hlau thiab hom ntawm lawv cov coatings

Nqeeb corrugated board

Lub rooj saib xyuas corrugated muaj qhov sib txawv hauv qhov ntev ntawm cov ntawv thiab qhov siab ntawm cov qauv embossed. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov ntawv txheeb ntawm corrugated board ntawm cov cim sib txawv siv rau lub ru tsev thiab phab ntsa. Rau lub ru tsev, corrugated board nrog tsim qauv H60 thiab HC35 yog siv. Daim ntawv vov vov tsev yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai ntawm GOST 24045–94.

Lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm cov vuas vov tsev thiab phab ntsa yog qhov muaj qhov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas tsim los ua kom ya raws.

Daim ntawv vov vov muaj nthwv dej siab dua li cov ntawv phab ntsa thiab cov qhov tshwj xeeb capillary zawj rau cov dej ua kom tsis paug

Kev cob qhia kev pem teb Н60

Decking qib H60 feem ntau yog siv los npog lub ru tsev ntawm cov tsev nyob thiab kev lag luam. Qhov dav tag nrho ntawm cov ntawv ntawm cov khoom no yog 900 hli, qhov siv tau qhov dav (rho tawm sib tshooj nrog daim ntawv txuas) yog 845 hli. Daim duab nyob rau hauv kev kos cim ntawm corrugated board qhia qhov sib thooj nyem qhov siab hauv millimetres. Rau kev tsim cov khoom siv vov tsev no, cov ntawv los ntawm cov galvanized lossis pleev xim rau cov hlau nrog tuab ntawm 0.55 txog 1 hli yog siv. Lub ru tsev npog nrog H60 corrugated board tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav hnyav.

H60 profiled sheeting muaj nthwv dej siab (60 hli) thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus cov nra hnyav

Video: kev cob qhia cov flooring H60

Kev cob qhia kev pem teb НС35

Lub vov corrugated board HC35 yog ua los ntawm galvanized lossis pleev xim rau cov hlau nrog tuab ntawm 0.5 txog 0.9 hli. Daim ntawv no tag nrho dav 1060 hli, qhov pab tau dav 1000 hli. Qhov siab ntawm embossed qauv ntawm no hom ntawm corrugated board yog 35 hli, uas yog yuav luag ib nrab tsawg dua li ntawm cov qauv dhau los.

Profiled sheeting НС35 muaj nthwv dej qhov siab ntawm 35 hli, yog li nws lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm tsawg dua li ntawm cov qauv Н60 (nrog tib daim ntawv tuab)

Cov neeg siv tshuaj xyuas txog corrugated vov tsev

Daim vis dis aus: kev piav qhia ntawm cov flooring kev professional35

Ondulin

Rau kev tsim tawm ntawm ondulin, cellulose fibers yog siv, uas yog compressed thaum rhuab mus rau 120 ^o C. Hauv lub xeev rhuab, cov khoom tau muab laim ntoom cov duab. Cov ntawv khov yog impregnated nrog cov pob zeb ua kom sib xyaw nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer thiab pleev xim. Raws li cov txheej txheem no, ib qho khoom siv ib puag ncig uas nyab xeeb rau tib neeg lub neej yog tsim tawm.

1. Ondulin muaj lub zog tiv thaiv kom tsis ntub. Cov cellulose fibers nrog nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, thaum rhuab raws li kev tshav ntuj, yaj. Cov txheej txheem no tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv, vim nws ntxiv dag zog nws los ntawm gluing tus ua ke.

2. Cov khoom siv tsis hloov nws lub cev tshuaj thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo thaum raug alkalis nrog cov kua qaub lossis cov khoom lag luam muaj roj, xws li roj av.

   

   Onduline txheej yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo rau kev ya raws, cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab UV hluav taws xob, thiab kuj yog sib thiab tsis tshua muaj nqi

3. Nws yog qhov yooj yim rau mount ib txheej txheej ondulin, txij li qhov nyhav ntawm ib daim ntawv ntsuas 200x100 cm tsis tshaj 7 kg. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom thaum muab piv nws nrog daim ntawv slate ntawm qhov ntev zoo sib xws - qhov hnyav ntawm ondulin yuav tsawg dua 4 npaug.
4. Tus nqi ntawm lub txheej yuav haum rau yuav luag txhua qhov peev nyiaj, txij li tus nqi ntawm ondulin muaj tsawg dua li ntawm cov vuas hlau thiab corrugated board.
5. Raws li cov txheej txheem dej tsis ua haujlwm zoo, ondulin muaj qhov ua tau zoo los ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm. Muab cov yam ntxwv no, tsis tas yuav muaj nqi ntxiv rau txheej txheej tiv thaiv txheej txheem sab nrauv.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov kev zoo no ua rau ondulin yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg xav tau thov rau cov vov tsev.

Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm qhov ua tau zoo, ondulin kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo: nws ploj mus rau hauv lub hnub, poob nws cov xim qub, thiab yooj yim ignites, vim nws yog cov khoom siv organic uas muaj cov qhob sib xyaw ua ke.

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tswv ntawm cov tsev nrog lub ru tsev los ntawm ondulin

Daim Slate

Tsis ntev dhau los - ntau caum lub xyoos dhau los - asbestos-cement slate tau tso rau yuav luag txhua lub ru tsev. Hauv peb lub sijhawm, nws tau hloov pauv los ntawm txheej txheej uas ua los ntawm bitumen, yas thiab hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tiv thaiv slate los ntawm tseem nyiam txais koob meej thoob ntiaj teb. Tom qab tag nrho, lub vov no npog tsis zoo li cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej tau zoo rau ntau xyoo ntawm kev khiav haujlwm. Qhov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm slate, yam tsis tau hloov nws lub cev thiab tshuaj, tshaj li 50 xyoo.

Slate yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv tiaj tiaj thiab ntab viav vias. Rau lub ru tsev, tsuas yog yoj slate yuav tsum tau siv.

Cov txheej no yog puab vim yog kev daws teeb meem yas, suav nrog:

• Portland cov cement qib M300–500 (80-90%) - ua cov ntawv sawv cev;
• chrysotile asbestos (10-20%) - ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntxaws uas tuav cov cement mortar;
• dej.

Asbestos-cement slate yog tsim raws li GOST 303403-95. Raws li cov qauv no, cov npluav pob zeb asbestos-cement yuav tsum muaj 6, 7 lossis 8 nthwv dej.

Cov vuas vov tsev vov yog muaj nyob rau hauv peb cov duab sib txawv thiab ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov nplooj ntawv: rau 6, 7 thiab 8 vuag

Qhov tseeb, xya thiab yim nthwv dej cov ntawv yog ntau dua cov kev coj ua. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev pab them nyiaj yog yuav luag zoo ib yam:

• yim-yoj slate daim ntawv muaj qhov chaw haujlwm me me ntawm 1.98 m², thaum thaj chaw siv tau yog 1.57 m². Thaum lub sij hawm teeb tsa, ib qho sib tshooj me ntawm cov pob zeb zawv zawg txheej;
• lub xya-nthwv dej slate muaj qhov ntsuas zoo sib xws. Nrog thaj chaw me me ntawm 1.7 m², nws yuav npog 1.34 m² ntawm lub ru tsev;
• yoj slate nrog rau vuam muaj kev noj ntau dua piv rau cov kev xaiv yav dhau los. Nrog tag nrho daim ntawv thaj tsam ntawm 1.97 m², nws tsuas yog them rau 1.41 m² ntawm lub ru tsev saum npoo.

Qhov tsis yooj yim thaum txhim kho cov khoom vov no yog nws qhov hnyav. Raws li lub xeev cov qauv ntawm yoj slate thiab nyob ntawm tus neeg tsis dhau, ib daim ntawv ntawm lub vov tsev no tuaj yeem hnyav li 20 txog 35 kg.

Txij li cov xim ntuj ntawm slate yog grey, nws tsis dai rau lub ru tsev. Hauv qhov no, qee cov tuam ntxhab siv alkyd polymer lossis acrylic xim nrog RAL xim rau tag nrho cov khoom. Kev tha xim yog ua thaum pib sib tov yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ua kua. Lub sijhawm tam sim no, cov xim pleev xim tau nthuav qhia, uas, thaum lub zog ua kom zoo, khov kho rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw thiab muab cov txheej txheem txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj khov.

Qhov zoo ntawm asbestos-cement slate muaj xws li:

• hluav taws ua hauj. Slate resists qhib hluav taws zoo, txawm li cas los xij, nrog lub sijhawm ntev, nws tuaj yeem tawg, tawg ua rau cov ntse tawg ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg;
• tsis kam mus rau lwj, corrosion thiab tshuaj lom neeg;
• suab zoo suab zoo zog.

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm slate, lawv sim tsis siv cov txheej no nyob hauv cov tsev tshiab. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb hais tias slate muaj cov asbestos, uas yog ib hom tshuaj tsis muaj keeb kwm thiab txaus ntshai rau tib neeg lub neej. Rau cov kab mob nyob, cov kab mob asbestos yog qhov muaj teeb meem yog tias muaj tam sim no hauv daim ntawv ntawm hmoov av. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npog cov pob ntawv slate nrog cov roj linseed lossis pleev xim lawv.

Cov nplais ntawv yog cov hnyav thiab theej es tsis zoo, tab sis lawv tiv taus rotting thiab corrosion zoo thiab dampens suab nrov los ntawm ntog dej dav hlau ntawm nag

Txawm hais tias qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv, nws tseem yooj yim heev. Ruam ncaj qha los ntawm, piv txwv li, lub pob zeb, rauj lossis hail loj tuaj yeem punch qhov hauv nws. Daim ntawv pob slate tuaj yeem tawg yog tias koj teeb nws ntawm qhov crate tsis ncaj los yog sim khoov nws thaum rub kom ceev.

Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov tswv ntawm slate ru tsev

Leeg leeg vov tsev

Seam vov vov muaj ob peb txoj hlua ntawm cov hlau uas txuas nrog siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los yog khoom siv. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho kev khi tshwj xeeb uas txuas cov pob qij txha ntawm cov nplooj los ntawm khoov hlau. Seam cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev feem ntau yog hlau, tooj liab thiab txhuas.

Txhawm rau los tsim cov hlua khi ntawm lub rooj zaum ruaj ruaj, yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb

Lub kaum ntse ntse steel vov

Rau kev tsim cov peev txheej ntawm kev siv nyiaj, galvanized, tsis-galvanized lossis coated steel nrog cov ntawv tshwj xeeb polymer siv. Nws tsis yog raug rau cov phom sij ntawm kev xeb thiab muaj lub neej ntev kev pab cuam, uas ntev txog 50-60 xyoo.

Ib lub vov tsev tsim nyog tau saib zoo nkauj heev thiab yuav pabcuam rau 50 xyoo lossis ntau dua

Tom qab ob peb xyoos ntawm kev khiav haujlwm, steel nyhav rau tarnish. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov khoom siv nrog cov xim ntau xim txheej rau cov khoom siv ntawm lub vov tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau yug los rau hauv lub siab tias txawm tias qhov no, lub ru tsev yuav tsis khaws nws qhov qub tsos, vim tias raug rau lub hnub thiab huab cua yuav tsis txuag lub txheej los ntawm fading. Txoj kev nyab xeeb hauv hiav txwv yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau hom vov tsev.

Rau installation ntawm steel sawv seam vov tsev, ob qho tib si sib dhos lathing thiab lub hauv paus ruaj khov yog haum. Rau lub lathing, koj tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si thiab ib qho hlau. Thaum txhim kho lub vov hlau vov tsev, lub suab qhov dav ntawm cov rafters yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 250 cm. Tsis li, txawm tias lub zog steel nqaj kuj yuav sib nrug thiab lub ru tsev yuav khoov.

Rau kev teeb tsa cov ntawv hlau ntawm sawv ntsug vov tsev vov tsev, ntau yam kev sib txuas tau siv: ib leeg, ob npaug, sawv ntsug, rov thov dua. Lawv tsim cov pob taws ntxiv rau tag nrho cov ru tsev.

Thaum koom nrog ob daim ntawv, tshwj xeeb ntim txheej txheem raws lawv sab ntev, uas hu ua quav

Tooj liab leeg caij ru tsev

Kev siv tooj liab rau seam vov tsev yog nrov heev vim nws qhov zoo nkauj heev thiab kev pab lub neej ntev. Seamed tooj liab vov tsev tsis yog txoj hauv kev tsim kom muaj av rau kev lom tsiaj - siv cov khoom no, koj tuaj yeem tsis nco qab txog kev loj hlob ntawm moss. Txawm li cas los xij, tooj liab muaj qhov tsis zoo - cov hlau yog mos thiab kim heev.

Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, oxidative txheej txheem tshwm sim rau ntawm tooj liab saum npoo, vim qhov twg ntawm lub ru tsev ua tsaus xim av. Tom qab ob peb xyoos ntxiv, cov txheej txheem no yuav coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias lub ru tsev yuav them nrog cov xim zoo nkauj ntawm cov xim grey-ntsuab - ib lub patina - rau qhov twg muaj tseeb connoisseurs ntawm loog tshwj xeeb xaiv hom txheej no. Ntawm nws lwm yam ntxwv yog cov hauv qab no:

• zoo thermal conductivity. Qhov tseeb no, txawm li cas los xij, tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam tsis yooj yim, txij li thaum lub caij ntuj sov xws li lub ru tsev ua kom sov sai sai, thiab thaum caij ntuj no, raws li, nws txias sai. Muab cov yeeb yam no, txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev hauv qab lub ru tsev tooj liab yuav tsum muaj cov tuab tuab tsawg kawg 20 cm;
• suab nrov rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov kev tsis zoo no yog tshem tawm nrog rau yav dhau los vim muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo;
• tsis kam ua hauj corrosion thiab kub thiab kub. Cov kev ua tau ntawm tooj liab seam vov tsev tsis yog ploj ntawm qhov kub los ntawm -70 txog +150 ^o C.

Rau kev tsim cov pob zeb tooj liab tais ua ke, yob thiab ntawv tooj yog siv, cov tuab ntawm uas yog 0.8 hli. Cov pob qij txha ntawm cov nplooj ntawv yog tsau nrog ib qho los yog ob txoj hlua khi nrog ntug qhov siab tsis ntau tshaj 30 hli. Cov xim tooj liab yog tsau rau lub lathing nrog clamps ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tib yam. Qhov deb ntawm cov ntsiab lus txuas yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 40 cm.

Sawv ruaj khov vov vov tsev ua los ntawm cov ntawv tooj liab zoo li muaj koob npe thiab kim, thiab tau ua haujlwm rau ntau tshaj 100 xyoo

Aluminium leeg vov tsev

Raws li cov vuas vov tsev, aluminium, zoo li tooj liab, yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov nroj tsuag hauv cov ntawv lossis yob. Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim tawm, txhuas tuaj yeem pleev xim los yog nti tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, aluminium kiag li hloov nws qhov zoo li, hloov cov ntoo, pob zeb, nplais lossis tooj liab.

Tsuas yog alkali thiab qee cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txhuas.

Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov ntawv txhuas cim "НС" thiab "Н" raws li cov khoom vov tsev. Lub tuab ntawm cov blanks no tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 0.4 txog 1.2 hli.

Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm txhuas leeg vov tsev:

• muaj. Piv rau tooj liab, txheej txheej no pheej yig dua;
• ib puag ncig kev phooj ywg. Aluminium yog kiag li tsis muaj mob rau tib neeg;
• kev pab lub neej ntev - los ntawm 100 txog 150 xyoo;
• lub teeb hnyav. Qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv nrog thaj tsam ntawm 1 m³ tsuas yog 2 kg;
• tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity. Aluminium muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm txog li 90% ntawm lub hnub lub hnub, ua zoo li daim iav. Nws yuav zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntau quav tso lub ru tsev nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, thiab lub caij ntuj no, txheej yuav pab kom yaj yaj thiab daus, tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj dej khov.

Aluminium vov tsev pab tsim kom muaj kev nyob zoo nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo

Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm sawv ntsug vov tsev

Yeeb yaj kiab: kev teeb tsa lub rooj zaum seam

Cov ntaub ntawv rau lub vov tsev mos

Cov ntaub ntawv rau cov vov tsev mos tau them ntawm sab nraud nrog pob zeb pob zeb lossis cov av zoo nkauj. Cov tshuaj txau ua si lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv txheej txheej tiv thaiv cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig sab nraud. Ib daim nplaum tau pleev xim rau sab hauv ntawm lub ru tsev mos, uas tuav cov khoom ntawm lub batten.

Cov hom ru tsev mos muaj xws li:

1. Dov vov tsev.
2. Thermoplastic polyolefin.
3. PVC ua kom puas.
4. Bituminous shingles.

Dov vov tsev

Cov vuas vov tsev yog cov ntaub pua plag uas muaj ob peb txheej ntawm fiberglass, bituminous impregnation, kev sib xyaw cov nplaum thiab cov pob zeb me me lossis cov pob zeb me, pleev xim rau hauv qhov sib txawv. Cov khoom siv yob yog dov rau ntawm cov vov tsev, thaum sab nraub qaum yog rhuab siv roj hlawv.

Yog tias nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov qee ntu ntawm lub ru tsev zoo li no, ib qho tsis muaj qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom raug tshem tawm, thiab ib txheej tshiab nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw nrog kev pab ntawm cov pa taws.

Cov txheej txheem ua kom sov hauv qab ntawm cov vuas vov tsev yog glued rau saum npoo nrog qhov pa taws

Txhawm rau kom ua kom cov dej tsis zoo, cov vov tsev mos tau pw hauv 2 txheej. Cov khoom siv no tau nrov zoo vim yog nws cov khoom dej tsis zoo, tiv taus huab cua qis, tus nqi tsim nyog thiab yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa.

Thermoplastic polyolefin

Lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov thermoplastic polyolefins yog olefin. Nws yog cov pa hluavtaws los ntawm cov khaub ncaws twg yog tsim rau cov neeg nyiam lub sijhawm nyob nraum zoov. Cov vuas vov tsev yog txhawb nqa nrog fiberglass kom muab nruj. Kev txhim kho cov khoom siv no yog ua tiav siv cov khoom cua sov sib khi. Tsis zoo li analogues ua los ntawm polyvinyl chloride, cov daim nyias nyias tsis emit cov teeb meem hloov pauv.

Olefin-raws cov vov tsev vov puas muaj cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo thiab tsis tawm ntawm cov teeb meem tshuaj

PVC ua kom puas

Txog txhua qhov zoo, polyolefin cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog xws li cov khoom yas xws li PVC daim nyias nyias. Qhov peculiarity ntawm cov khoom siv no yog nws lub zog muaj zog heev. Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, nws tsis hloov nws lub cev thiab lub cev tshuaj thaum pom qhov kub nyav qis txog -62 ^o C. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom no, hom xim no yog siv rau thaj av qaum teb ntawm peb lub teb chaws.

PVC ua kom puas kub hnyiab tau tawg tsis tshua muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab yog li siv nyob rau thaj tsam qaum teb

Ib lub ru tsev tiaj tiaj yog feem ntau them nrog canvases ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no, nteg nrog sib tshooj ntawm 10 cm. Txhawm rau nce plasticity, tshwj xeeb yas nrog qib siab muaj qhov tsis zoo yog ntxiv rau cov khoom nyoos hauv kev tsim cov tshuab ua kua PVC. Kev vuam ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm cov khoom siv no yog nqa tawm siv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb uas muab cov dej ua pa kub. Polyvinyl chloride membrane vov vuas yog qhov tiv taus qhib hluav taws, ultraviolet hluav taws xob, nrog rau huab cua tseem ceeb thiab nag lossis daus.

Cov npoo ntawm qhov sib tshuam ntawm ob daim PVC ua ke yog yaj nrog cua kub thiab ntxiv nias los ntawm lub tshuab chais ya raws

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm PVC membrane txheej

Cov vuas vov vov tsev thiab lawv ntau yam

Cov vuas vov vov yog cov vuas vov uas, thaum nruab, tsim cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv. Lub vuas hom ntawm cov vov tsev yog yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tsev uas tsis yooj yim. Thaum siv nws, pov tseg yuav tsawg heev.

Cov vuas vov vov tsev yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv.

Tej hub vuas

Cov vuas luaj ceramic yog ua los ntawm txhaj tshuaj molding los ntawm qhov cub kub rau hauv hom kub. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov khoom ntawd ruaj khov heev.

Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic:

• lub suab zoo rwb thaiv tsev;
• tsis kam mus rau qhov kub thiab txias siab, los nag thiab qhib hluav taws;
• tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity;
• zoo nkauj tsos;
• kev pab lub neej ntev (tshaj 100 xyoo).

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lub ru tsev vov no hnyav. Hauv qhov hais txog no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los saib xyuas kev tsim kho ntawm lub rooj sib tsoo ruaj khov. Ntxiv mus, nws kim heev.

Cov vuas luaj ceramic yog qhov hnyav thiab kim, tab sis cov khoom siv vov tsev zoo nkauj heev.

Maas-xuab zeb nplais

Cov vuas-xuab zeb vuas zoo sib xws hauv qhov zoo li cov vuas luaj ceramic, tab sis cov khoom tseem ceeb rau lawv kev tsim khoom tsis yog av nplaum, tab sis cov cement sib tov. Vim tias qhov no, lub vov tsev no muaj tus nqi qis dua.

Cov vuas-xuab zeb vuas muaj kev siv nyiaj ntau dua li cov pob zeb (ceramic), tab sis kuj tseem ua tau zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv vov tsev

Bituminous shingles

Bituminous shingles zoo sib xws rau kev sib xyaw rau yob hom txheej, tab sis lawv cov txheej txheej me ntsis tuab dua. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab lub zog, nws belongs rau lub vov tsev mos, thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tua - rau cov vuas, txij li nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiab me me (shingles), uas tau pw nrog ib qho kev hloov loj dua. Cov txheej xim yog tsim nyob hauv ntau yam duab thiab xim. Cov khoom tsis yog yam tsis zoo, muaj qhov ua kom qis thermal conductivity thiab txig tau tuav txhua lub pob ntawm cov ntsiab lus bituminous.

Thaum txhim kho shingles bituminous, tsis xav tau suab rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv.

Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov nplais bituminous

Zoo tiag tiag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev

Rau txhua lub vov tsev, muaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm lawv lub cev thiab tshuaj tsis zoo hloov. Raws li kev xyaum ua qhia, cov lus tshaj tawm los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab hauv lub neej tiag tiag tsis tau ntsib tas li:

1. Cov vuas hlau nrog cov kev tshaj tawm cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm tsawg kawg 50 xyoo, ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yuav kav ntev li 30 txog 35 xyoo. Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov tseeb tias galvanizing ntawm hlau feem ntau tsis tau ua zoo txaus.
2. Ondulin, hais txog nws cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, zoo dua rau lub vov tsev ib ntus, vim nws muaj cov organic. Lub neej tiag tiag ntawm cov khoom siv no tsis tshaj 5 xyoos. Nrog lub neej ntev kev pab cuam, cov khoom siv no pib tawg thiab lwj.
3. Daim slate yuav pab raws li lub sijhawm teev tseg los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias peb tab tom tham txog Soviet-ua daim slate. Sij hawm dhau mus, tej zaum nws yuav plam nws qhov qub tsos, vim nws dhau los ua ntxhuab. Ntau zaus, cov tuam ntxhab niaj hnub tsim cov khoom siv vov tsev nrog cov ntsuas qis, uas yog lub laj thawj rau kev pab cuam lub neej luv.
4. Seam cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev yuav tsis hloov pauv lawv lub zog nyob rau lub sijhawm uas tau hais los ntawm cov kws tsim khoom. Kev ntuag dej ntawm lub vov tsev no tuaj yeem plam nws txoj kev nruj vim qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov folds.
5. Qhov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov bitumen ntxwm sib luag nrog lub sijhawm uas tus neeg ua haujlwm tsim. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias oxidized bitumen khaws cov khoom ntog dej ntawm lub ru tsev ntev dua. Hauv qhov no, thaum yuav lub ru tsev muag muag, koj yuav tsum nug txog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm bitumen.
6. Peb tuaj yeem hais nrog kev ntseeg siab tias cov vuas luaj ceramic yuav nyob ntev dua 100 xyoo lossis ntau dua. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim kom paub tseeb yog tias koj saib European cov tsev nyob nrog cov kev pab them nqi no. Ntau lub tsev ntawm cov neeg no tseem muaj hnub nyoog ntau dua 150 xyoo.

Daim vis dis aus: xaiv lub ruv - lub xyoo yuav qhia

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau hom ntaub ntawv vov tsev

Cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev tuaj yeem muaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv sib txawv, tsis ruaj khov lossis tsis tiv taus qee yam kev cuam tshuam:

1. Yog hais tias lub ru tsev yog nruab nrog lub ru tsev hlau nrog lub kwj hav uas tau zais, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus (tsawg kawg 2 zaug hauv ib xyoos) ntxuav cov haujlwm txhawm rau ntawm cov khib nyiab uas tau ua ke.
2. Tom qab muaj nag lossis daus hnyav (lawg, daus, nag), kev kuaj xyuas lub ru tsev tsis tsim nyog.
3. Thaum lub sijhawm kho cov ru tsev, koj yuav tsum tau hnav cov khau uas muaj tawv muag.
4. Thaum lub sijhawm kev thauj mus los thiab teeb tsa cov vuas hlau, txheej polymer txheej ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, txheej txheej saum toj kawg nkaus hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev khawb yuav dhau mus ua cov nplai polymer, lwj cov tsos ntawm lub ru tsev.
5. Txhawm rau rub lub neej ntawm txheej txheej ondulin, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau pleev xim nws txhua xyoo.
6. Tib qho kev ua yuav tau ua nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm yog lub ru tsev nrog nrog slate. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav muaj kev xav tau rau qee lub sijhawm los ua kev tu ntawm lub slate los ntawm moss.
7. Kev hloov thiab kho cov tawg ntawm lub ru tsev uas ntxhab yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab pa roj.
8. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, koj yuav tsum saib xyuas seb muaj daus thiab dej khov li cas uas ua rau lub ru tsev. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tau teeb tsa lub vov tsev hnyav, xws li cov vuas luaj ceramic. Txwv tsis pub, lub kaw lus rafter yuav tsis tuaj yeem tiv tag nrho cov load.

Coob tus ntawm cov vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv, tam sim no tsim los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab sib txawv, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua qhov kev xaiv kom raug xaiv, suav nrog thaj av, nyiaj txiag, cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab cov kev tsim kho uas twb muaj lawm.