Lub Ru Tsev Mastic: Ntaus Ntawv Thiab Cov Hauv Paus Ntsiab, Teeb Tsa Thiab Haujlwm Haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-17 22:35

Kev tsim, ua haujlwm thiab kho cov ru tsev siv mastic

Kev siv cov mastics rau cov vov tsev cov tsev tsis muaj ntaub ntawv yob yog qhov kev hloov tshiab tshiab rau peb lub teb chaws. Tab sis nws tau nrawm nrawm dhau los ua tsaug rau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab uas tso cai rau koj ua txoj haujlwm no koj tus kheej ntawm tus nqi tsawg.

Cov Ntsiab Lus

• 1 Dab tsi yog mastic
• 2 Mastic ru tsev: nws txoj kev npaj thiab kev ua haujlwm

• 3 Cov ntaub ntawv rau mastic vov tsev

  3.1 Duab Saib: Cov Ntawv Thov

• 4 Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau mastic lub ru tsev

  • 4.1 Yees duab: dej ua kua-ua viav vias - siv dav
  • 4.2 Thov mastic rau lub vov tsev

• 5 Cov txheej txheem rau kev npaj mastic ru tsev

  5.1 Video: vov tsev dej-kho tsev mastic

• 6 Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm
• 7 Kho ntawm ru tsev mastic

Dab tsi yog mastic

Lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov vuas mastic yog bituminous thiab polymer-bitumen cov ntaub ntawv hauv ntau hom. Mastic yog ib qho tsim tsim zoo sib xws ntawm cov roj hmab thaum lub zog tawv. Nws khaws nws cov khoom hauv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm -50 txog +120 ^o C, uas yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom hauv cov huab cua puag ntawm peb lub teb chaws.

Mastic yog suav hais tias yog cov txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws ru tsev rau nruj. Cov xim no tseem suav tias yog qhov ua tau ruaj thiab hnav tiv taus. Mastics yog yooj yim heev thaum ua haujlwm kho, thaum koj yuav tsum tau thov ib thaj hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub ru tsev npog. Hauv kev tshwj xeeb, cov vov vov tsev yog kho nrog mastic.

Lub mastic txheej yog suav hais tias yog feem ntau airtight thiab hnav-tiv taus

Mastic ru tsev: nws txoj kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm

Ib lub ru tsev mastic feem ntau yog teeb tsa rau ntawm cov ru tsev tiaj tiaj thiab tau ua yam tsis muaj ntaub ntawv yob. Rau qhov no, cov kua tshuaj ua kua uas ua polymerizes nyob rau hauv cov huab cua qhib tau siv. Bituminous mummy qhia qhov zoo tshaj plaws adhesion rau pob zeb ua, hlau thiab bituminous puag. Nws yog qhov siv tau los siv cov khoom no rau kev tua ntawm abutments.

Polymeric insulating cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mastics yog siv ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim kho tus kheej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Lawv yog cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam, thov rau saum npoo los ntawm nchuav, ua raws li cov teeb meem niaj hnub faib rau saum npoo npog. Cov txheej txheem vov tsev ua txoj hauv kev no hu ua kev vuas vov. Cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev ua ib txheej txheej insulating kuj tseem siv.

Cov vov tsev tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm txhaws, tab sis kuj txau

Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov ru tsev zoo li no yog lawv lub cev nyhav.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau mastic vov tsev

Txoj cai hauv qab no yog tswj los ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov vov tsev tiav:

1. Yooj yim thiab txawm tias tso rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub ru tsev.
2. Qhov tsis muaj pa taws ntawm cov tshuaj phem rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv hauv qhov nyiaj tau tshaj cov qauv tsim kev tu lub cev. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum yog ib puag ncig zoo.
3. Homogeneous tus qauv tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj txawv teb chaws. Cov quav ntxiv los ntawm cov ntim septic thiab cov ntim puv yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm phau ntawv tseem ceeb.
4. Lub cev ruaj khov cov khoom siv thoob plaws txhua lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
5. Ceev nruj, tshuaj lom neeg thiab thermal tsis kam dhau ntawm qhov kub ntau.

Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, mastic tau muab faib ua ob lub xeev - kub thiab txias. Thawj zaug yog siv thaum kub txog 120–160 ^o C thiab xa mus rau cov chaw tsim kho los ntawm kev thauj tshwj xeeb. Qhov thib ob yog kub mastic hauv daim ntawv khov. Txhawm rau muab nws khov dej-ntws hauv lub xeev, cov kuab tshuaj tau siv - roj av lossis roj av. Kev siv lub tshuab mastic no yooj yim rau siv vim tias tsis tas yuav muaj cov khoom siv cua sov. Nws yog siv rau gluing cov ntaub ntawv yob los yog sib sau txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv vapor.

Txhawm rau tsim cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ru tsev, mastic yog haum nkaus xwb hauv lub xeev kub.

Yees duab chav: txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov

Nrog rau phau ntawv thov, nws nyuaj rau kev tswj hwm qhov yuav tsum tau ua tuab tuab txheej

Cov cua kub ntxiv txhim kho cov khoom ntws

Qhov ua kom zoo dua tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog ntawm mastic txheej

Lub tshuab ua kom sov nrog lub twj tso kua mis muaj zog tuaj yeem siv los muab cov khoom tso rau qhov siab

Muaj pes tsawg leeg mastic cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog ntau yam:

• lub hauv paus yog bitumen, polymers lossis polymer-bitumen sib xyaw;
• cov tub lim - cov kua qaub, cov pob zeb me me tawg, cov hmoov av tshauv lossis quartz tshauv. Cov kev txuas ntxiv no muab lub zog ntawm lub ru tsev thiab tseem yuav txo tau qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv thaum pib tsim khoom.

Txhawm rau kom ntxiv lub zog ntawm mastic ru tsev, nws yog kev cai los txhawb nws nrog fiberglass lossis fiberglass. Rau qhov no, lub ru tsev yog tsim nyob rau hauv txheej: ua ntej, thawj txheej yog tsim, uas raug tso cai kom qhuav, tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv khov kho tau nteg, thiab txheej tiav yog nchuav rau saum nws. Lub txheej tiv thaiv sab saud yog xim pleev xim tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem tiv taus UV hluav taws xob, lossis sib xyaw kom zoo ib yam mastic nrog cov gravel zoo.

Txhawm rau ua kom lub zog ntawm mastic ru tsev, fiberglass qhov cuab lub zog yog siv

Yog li ntawd, thaum xaus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, ib txheej elastic thiab ruaj khov tau txais uas tsis muaj cov qauv crystalline uas muaj peev xwm tawg. Cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm mastic ru tsev yog li 15 xyoos. Kev tiv thaiv kev saib xyuas thiab kev tu vaj tse tau raug pom zoo txhua tsib xyoos.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau mastic lub ru tsev

Cov vov tsev ua los ntawm mastic yog rightly suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, muaj peev xwm ntseeg tau tiv thaiv lub ru tsev array ntawm noo noo, poob siab thiab nrawm hnav. Feem ntau, mastic yog siv los ua cov khoom pabcuam rau kev sib khi ntawm cov vov ntu lossis kho cov chaw puas.

Qhov zoo zoo ntawm mastic ru tsev muaj xws li:

• nce elasticity, uas tso cai rau koj los tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv zoo txawm tias ntawm qhov tsis ncaj ntawm lub ru tsev;
• siab nruj;
• txhim khu kev qha tiv thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev chaw los ntawm ntau hom nag lossis daus;
• siab kub ua hauj, uas peb tau hais los saum toj no;
• qhov ntsuas tau zoo zog;
• yam tsawg kawg khoom thiab nqi zog thaum ua hauj lwm;
• kev ncaj ncees ntawm txheej monolithic, uas tuaj yeem lav dej thiab vapor impermeability;
• qhov ua tau ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog nrog txhua tus lej txheej uas ntxiv dag zog rau ntawm txheej.

Ib qho tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum ua ib qho tsis zoo yog qhov xav tau los thov txheej nyias nyias. Kev ua haujlwm zoo li no tsuas yog ua tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb nkaus xwb. Lub mastic yog thov siv nws tus kheej tsuas yog qhov nyuaj-kom tau mus txog qhov chaw, xws li skates, grooves, abutments thiab tav, qhov twg nws tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov txheej txheej tuab.

Thaum ua haujlwm nrog mastic, huab cua yuav tsum qhuav thiab txias. Cov kab ke ntawm kev coj ua yog raws li hauv qab no:

1. Ib qho kev npaj ua ntej ntawm lub hauv paus yog nqa tawm, muaj txoj hauv kev ua kom huv ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab cov av. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov roj stain siv cov tshuaj hnyav rau kev ntxuav.
2. Cov khoom muab rau lub ru tsev los ntawm kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb, uas suav nrog lub twj tso kua mis thiab cov mastic huab cua sov.

3. Lub mastic yog nchuav rau saum lub ru tsev, thiab ntau tus neeg kis nws nyob rau hauv ib txheej nyias dhau ntawm lub dav hlau siv cov scrapers. Hauv cov chaw uas muaj xwm tsis xwm yeem, yob siv, thiab daim ntau xim txhuam ua los ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kev ua txhaum cai.

   

   Lub mastic yog leveled nrog cov scrapers tshwj xeeb los yog chais

Yog tias tsim nyog, cov pa roj siv hluav taws yuav siv los ua kom sov qhov loj nyob hauv qhov chaw tso kawm.

Daim vis dis aus: kua vuas vov tsev - kev siv dav dav

Ua ntawv thov mastic rau pitched ru tsev

Ntawm lub ru tsev ru tsev, mastic yog thov hauv ob peb txheej. Lawv tus lej yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev:

1. Yog tias nws cov nqi nyob hauv qhov ntau ntawm 2-11 qib, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau thov 3 txheej ntawm mastic thiab ob txheej txheej ntawm cov txheej txheem tawv. Qhov kev xav tau no yog vim tus nqi qis ntawm cov dej ntws tawm ntawm lub ru tsev. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub ntsej muag txheej, koj yuav tsum npaj lub backfill nrog cov pob zeb zoo los yog ntxuav cov dej xuab zeb kom tiv thaiv tau cov nplaim hluav taws xob los ntawm duab ci ci. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua tam sim tom qab thov rau cov khoom siv tshiab. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov tha xim saum npoo nrog nyiaj.
2. Ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ntawm 10-15 degrees, koj yuav xav tau 2 txheej ntawm mastic thiab 2 - reinforcing mesh. Kev tiv thaiv deg yog ua tib txoj hauv kev.

3. Thaum txoj kab nqes yog tilted 15-25 degrees, 2 mastic thiab 1 txheej txheej ntxiv yog thov, thiab tom qab ntawd ces kev tiv thaiv sab nraud yog tsim.

   

   Mastic txheej ho nce qhov ntev ntawm lub ru tsev pitched

Cov cuab yeej ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntxiv yuav xav tau thaum ua haujlwm skates, grooves, hav, eaves thiab qhov chaw uas muaj pa taws hla dhau lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev.

Thaum txhim kho lub ru tsev ntawm hom no, cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yuav tsum raug pom:

1. Ua ntej thov cov mastic, prime lub hauv paus nrog 3-4 txheej ntawm primer. Dab tsi muaj pes tsawg leeg siv thiab yuav siv li cas nws yog qhia ntawm ntim ntawm mastic.
2. Lub tuab ntawm txhua txheej ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus yuav tsum yog 0.7-1.0 millimeters.
3. Cov txheej txheej tom ntej ntawm mastic yog thov nkaus xwb tom qab qhov kawg ua tiav ntawm lub dhau los.

Tus naj npawb ntawm mastic lus thov nyob ntawm tsis yog tsuas yog nyob ntawm txoj kab nqes ntawm lub ru tsev, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm hom kev ua haujlwm.

Cov txheej txheem rau kev npaj mastic ru tsev

Fiberglass tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho mastic. Rau qhov no, daim fiberglass raug txiav rau hauv cov ntawv me me thiab muab sib xyaw nrog mastic. Qhov sib xyaw no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov txheej nyias nyias.

Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau cov cuab yeej ntawm mastic vov tsev yog raws li nram no:

1. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau npaj cov txheej txheej kabmob, kos cov kab ntu thiab ntxiv dag zog rau thaj chaw muaj teebmeem ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm daim hlau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, mastic yog manually thov rau qhov chaw yam xav tau thiab qhov ua kom muaj zog fiberglass mesh yog nteg.

2. Hauv cov chaw uas cov kua dej sib txuas nrog tus qauv, nws yuav tsum tau tsa qhov siab los ntawm tsawg kawg 10 centimeters.

   

   Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm abutment rau ntsug chaw, ib txheej ntawm mastic yog pw rau qhov siab ntawm tsawg kawg 10 cm

3. Rwb thaiv tsev thiab screed yuav tsum tau muab ntsia kom zoo ib yam li thaum txhim kho lub ru tsev yob.
4. Ib qho ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog qhov kev pib ntawm cov kabmob saum npoo. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ib txheej nyias txog li ib millimeter. Cov txheej mastic yog thov sai sai tom qab tus primer dries, txwv tsis pub lub npoo yuav tau ntxuav cov hmoov av dua.

5. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov mastic txheej yuav tsum tau pib los ntawm cov chaw taws teeb los ntawm kev kis mus rau saum ru tsev. Lawv pib los ntawm qis dua, txav mus.

   

   Koj yuav tsum pib thov mastic los ntawm qhov chaw nyob deb, maj mam nce mus rau qhov chaw koj tawm ntawm lub ru tsev

6. Yog tias muaj cov teeb moos soos ntawm lub ru tsev, lawv ua tiav ua ntej.
7. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev tiv thaiv txheej txheem raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no.

Lub tsev ru tsev tuaj yeem kav ntev ntev yog tias koj ua tiav kev soj ntsuam txhua xyoo thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis pom qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.

Daim vis dis aus: lub vov tsev dej-txhim kho mastic

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Qhov txaus ntshai ntawm mastic ru tsev yog dej. Yog li no, tom qab txhua tus da dej hnyav, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub ru tsev vov raws li qhov xav tau.

1. Kev kuaj xyuas yuav tsum pib ntawm qhov chaw qis-qis. Nws yuav tsum tau ris hauv siab tias qhov chaw nyob ntawm qhov dej xau sab hauv tsis yog ib txwm sib piv rau qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub ru tsev sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug kuaj thiab kho.
2. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam sab nraud ntawm lub ru tsev. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tshem tawm txhua cov khib nyiab ntawm lub ru tsev - nplooj, cua tshuab los ntawm cua, ceg thiab lwm yam av. Kev kuaj pom kev o ntawm lub ru tsev npog yuav tsum tau tshem tawm tam sim ntawd, lawv raug tsim vim muaj qhov chaw noo noo hauv qab daim npog. Qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los txiav txim siab qhov chaw nws tau txais thiab kaw nws.
3. Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas, nws tseem yog qhov yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub qhov tso dej, ntxuav nws ntawm kev paug, thiab tshem tawm qhov ua tsis zoo.
4. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tawm daus los ntawm lub ru tsev thaum siv mastic ru tsev. Txhaum ntawm qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb, nws raug tso cai kom tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus, thaum tsuas yog siv lub thauv ntoo ntoo. Cov cuab yeej hlau thiab cov chaw muag tsiaj txwv tsis pub.

Kev kho cov vuas vov tsev

Kev ua haujlwm rau kev kho lub tsev mastic yog kwv raws li nram no:

1. Thaum cov kab nrib pleb tsim nyob rau sab saum toj. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab khi nrog siv cov khoom siv sib txuas polymer-cement.
2. Yog tias qhov ceev ntom nti tau tawg ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm txuas ntawm cov qhov dej txhaws thiab ntawm lub ntsej muag sib txuas nrog kev lom zem rau kev tshem tawm dej. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, qhov kev tso tawm yog ua tiav nrog epoxy sib txuas ED-5 lossis ED-6.

3. Thaum rhuav tshem ntawm qhob puag. Xws li qhov chaw yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab pob zeb vov tsev. Lub hauv paus ruaj khov yog tsis muaj plua plav. Nyob rau saum npoo tom qab ntxuav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau thov ib qho tshuaj primer ua los ntawm polyacetate dispersion, diluting nws hauv 1: 1 piv nrog dej. Tom qab ziab, qhov kev puas tsuaj yog sau nrog polymer-cement cug. Yog hais tias qhov tob ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntau tshaj 8 millimeters, cov nplua pob zeb hlau ua los ntawm xaim 0.7-1.2 mm tuab yuav tsum tau pw hauv nws.

   

   Cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov txheej raug kaw los ntawm kev thov ntau txheej txheej ntawm mastic thiab polymer cement mortar

Qhov saum npoo ntawm polymer xis mas, uas ua kom muaj zog nyob nruab hnub, yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws siv txhua txoj kev muaj.

Yog tias tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov vuas vov tsev ncav cuag li 40%, lub tsho tiv no sab saum toj yuav tsum ua dua tshiab. Hauv kev npaj rau txoj haujlwm no, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm thiab ntxuav txhua qhov chaw puas thiab ua kom huv lub ru tsev ntawm cov khib nyiab. Tom qab ntawd, ib lossis ob txheej txuas ntxiv ntawm mastic yog siv, nyob ntawm tus mob. Kev tsim cov txheej txheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov pob zeb zoo los yog xuab zeb yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab nqa nrog ntub mastic.

Txhim kho thiab ruaj khov mastic lub ru tsev xav tau kev soj ntsuam tas li ntawm nws tus mob thiab ntsuas kom tshem tawm cov kev ua haujlwm me me. Tab sis qhov kev ua haujlwm no tsis yog siv sijhawm thiab tsis tas siv cov khoom siv ntxiv. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej kho me me, uas yog ib txwm tsim thaum ua cov haujlwm ntawd. Kuv vam tias koj yuav ua tiav!